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Table 2 Multivariate logistic regression models of association between different measures of alcohol use and sexual risk behaviour, by gender

From: Alcohol use and sexual risk behaviour among men and women in inner-city Johannesburg, South Africa

Measures of alcohol use

No condom use at last sex

Concurrent partnership

Transactional sex

Sexual violencec

AOR (95% CI)

AOR (95% CI)

AOR (95% CI)

AOR (95% CI)

MEN (n = 1485)

 Current alcohol usea

  No

1

1

1

1

  Yes

0.92 (0.71–1.19)

1.60 (1.29–1.98)

1.52 (1.13–2.06)

2.26 (1.46–3.51)

Frequency of drinking

 Non-drinker

1

1

1

1

 Never in past week

1.05 (0.73–1.50)

1.56 (1.17–2.08)

1.13 (0.74–1.72)

2.37 (1.38–4.05)

 Once a week

0.89 (0.59–1.36)

1.65 (1.17–2.34)

1.70 (1.08–2.69)

1.72 (0.86–3.43)

  > 1 once a week

0.71 (0.48–1.06)

1.66 (1.17–2.36)

1.81 (1.15–2.85)

3.35 (1.85–6.06)

Drinking in past weekb

 None in past week

1

1

1

1

 Moderate drinking

0.79 (0.49–1.27)

1.60 (1.06–2.43)

1.36 (0.78–2.37)

1.37 (0.63–2.98)

 Problem or heavy use

0.76 (0.53–1.09)

1.46 (1.08–1.99)

1.91 (1.30–2.82)

2.10 (1.25–3.51)

Having felt drunk in past week

 Not a current drinker

1

1

1

1

 No, but are current drinkers

0.92 (0.69–1.23)

1.47 (1.16–1.87)

1.17 (0.82–1.66)

2.10 (1.29–3.38)

 Yes, felt drunk

0.82 (0.53–1.28)

2.18 (1.49–3.21)

2.62 (1.67–4.11)

4.74 (2.02–6.93)

WOMEN (n = 1008)

 Current alcohol usea

  No

1

1

1

1

  Yes

0.83 (0.54–1.29)

4.05 (2.23–7.34)

5.94 (3.48–10.1)

3.21 (2.11–4.89)

Frequency of drinking

 Non-drinker

1

1

1

1

 Never in past week

0.74 (0.40–1.36)

4.74 (2.13–10.5)

5.33 (2.59–11.0)

1.98 (1.04–3.75)

 Once a week

1.81 (0.62–5.30)

2.06 (0.59–7.27)

6.11 (2.29–16.3)

6.09 (2.86–13.0)

  > 1 once a week

-

4.82 (1.71–13.5)

6.18 (2.48–15.4)

2.95 (1.34–6.50)

Drinking volume in past weekb

 None in past week

1

1

1

1

 Moderate drinking

1.04 (0.28–3.83)

1.34 (0.17–10.7)

3.22 (0.68–15.3)

2.64 (0.80–8.68)

 Problem or heavy use

0.97 (0.47–2.02)

-

5.91 (2.78–12.6)

4.44 (2.37–8.30)

Having felt drunk in past week

 Not a current drinker

1

1

1

1

 No, but are current drinkers

0.86 (0.51–1.45)

4.60 (2.35–8.99)

5.81 (3.12–10.8)

2.84 (1.71–4.71)

 Yes, felt drunk

0.90 (0.40–2.04)

2.19 (0.63–7.56)

5.43 (2.20–13.4)

3.31 (1.59–6.91)

  1. aRespondents who say they drink alcohol. AOR adjusted odds ratio, CI confidence interval. All models adjusted for age and income based on directed acyclic graph for total effect of alcohol consumption on high-risk sexual behaviour. bModerate drinking: men: 1–14 drinks, women: 1–7 drinks; Problem or heavy drinking: men ≥15 drinks, women: ≥8 drinks. cMen who used physical force to have sex and women having been forced to have sex. Bold AORs are those where P < 0.05. – Sample too small to give an estimate of this adjusted association