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Table 2 Association between demographics and behavioural factors with HIV status and STIs among sex workers in Johannesburg and Pretoria

From: Sexual and reproductive health outcomes among female sex workers in Johannesburg and Pretoria, South Africa: Recommendations for public health programmes

 

HIV POSITIVE

PREVIOUS STI

N = 1422 JHB

N = 408 PTA

JHB

N (%)

Multivariate

analysis

AOR (95% CI)

PTA

N (%)

Multivariate

analysis

AOR (95% CI)

JHB

N (%)

Multivariate

analysis AOR (95% CI)

PTA

N (%)

Multivariate

analysis

OR (95% CI)

SOCIO DEMOGRAPHICS

Age at 1st visit (years)

<25

25–29

30–34

>35

77 (23.8)***

206 (41.6)

182 (51.1)

110 (58.2)

1.0

1.0 (0.8–1.2)

1.6 (1.3–2.1)

2.1 (1.5–2.9)

9 (22.0)***

36 (40.5)

73 (57.9)

90 (64.8)

1.0

0.5 (0.3–0.9)

1.4 (0.9–2.1)

2.1 (1.4–3.4)

167 (49.1)

228 (44.1)

159 (43.1)

76 (38.8)

 

5 (11.6)

4 (4.4)

14 (10.9)

8 (5.7)

1.0

0.30 (0.1–1.3)

0.58 (0.2–1.9)

0.32 (0.1–1.1)

Education

Primary

Grade 8–10

Grade 11–12

Tertiary level

27 (61.4)**

214 (45.6)

308 (39.6)

21 (31.8)

1.0

1.3 (1.0–1.6)

0.8 (0.6–1.0)

0.6 (0.5–1.1)

37 (62.7)*

98 (56.0)

68 (46.9)

7 (36.8)

1.0

1.3 (0.8–1.9)

0.7 (0.5–1.1)

0.5 (0.2–1.4)

16 (34.8)**

198 (40.4)

384 (47.5)

27 (38.6)

1.0

0.8 (0.6–1.0)

1.4 (1.1–1.7)

0.8 (0.5–1.3)

4 (6.7)**

24 (13.3)

5 (3.4)

1 (5.3)

1.0

1.3 (0.4–5.3)

0.4 (0.1–1.6)

0.2 (0.0–3.2)

Main partner

No

Yes

298 (42.9)

277 (41.5)

 

103 (57.22)

107 (49.3)

 

340 (46.6)*

290 (41.9)

1.0

0.8 (0.7–1.0)

12 (6.5)

22 (10.0)

 

Child lives with sex worker

0

≥1

160 (53.2)

51 (52.0)

 

160 (53.2)

51 (52.0)

   

27 (8.8)

6 (5.9)

 

Adult dependents

0

1–2

≥3

71 (42.3)

321 (43.6)

173 (39.7)

 

18 (46.2)

112 (55.5)

77 (51.0)

 

91 (50.8)*

319 (41.8)

211 (46.3)

1.0

0.8 (0.6–1.0)

1.1 (0.9–1.4)

5 (12.8)

14 (6.7)

15 (9.8)

 

Country of birth

South Africa

Zimbabwe

Other

286 (48.6) ***

210 (35.4)

79 (43.7)

1.0

0.6 (0.5–0.8)

1.1 (0.8–1.5)

123 (53.7)

80 (50.6)

8 (66.7)

 

252 (41.3)

288 (46.4)

90 (47.1)

 

12 (5.1)***

18 (11.1)

4 (33.3)

1.0

1.4 (0.53–3.9)

7.8 (1.6–37.1)

BEHAVIOURS

Alcohol use

No

Yes

125 (38.9)

406 (43.1)

 

84 (50.6)

117 (53.7)

 

157 (46.6)

428 (43.8)

 

14 (8.3)

18 (8.1)

 

Marijuana use

No

Yes

498 (42.4)

33 (37.1)

 

181 (51.1)

20 (66.7)

 

542 (44.4)

43 (46.7)

 

27 (7.5)

5 (15.6)

 

Years in sex work

<2

2–5

>5

180 (38.0)***

125 (41.8)

76 (60.8)

1.0

1.0 (0.7–1.3)

2.4 (1.6–3.6)

158 (53.9)

33 (48.5)

20 (52.6)

 

243 (49.0)

134 (43.1)

56 (42.4)

 

20 (6.7)**

11 (15.5)

2 (5.3)

1.0

2.0 (0.7–5.4)

0.7 (0.1–3.7)

Sex encounters last 7 days

0–10

11–20

>20

220 (45.1)**

188 (42.9)

122 (36.3)

1.0

1.1 (0.8–1.3)

0.7 (0.6–0.9)

21 (53.9)

38 (53.3)

57 (54.8)

 

223 (43.3)*

220 (48.7)

140 (40.7)

1.0

1.1 (0.9–1.4)

0.8 (0.6–1.0)

2 (4.9)

6 (8.3)

12 (11.4)

 

Main partner condom use

Every time

Never or sometimes

No main partner

91 (47.6)**

122 (35.7)

362 (43.6)

1.0

1.3 (1.0–1.8)

0.7 (0.6–1.0)

37 (66.1)**

65 (43.3)

109 (56.5)

1.0

0.5 (0.25–1.02)

0.8 (0.43–1.66)

92 (45.8)

152 (43.3)

386 (44.4)

 

14 (9.3)

5 (8.6)

15 (7.5)

 

Client condom use

Every time

Never or sometimes

522 (42.0)

6 (54.6)

 

188 (53.1)

9 (40.9)

 

578 (44.8)**

1 (7.7)

1.0

0.1 (0.0–0.7)

29 (8.1)

3 (13.0)

 

Times moved in last year

0

1

>1

284 (40.7)

180 (45.6)

111 (41.1)

 

167 (50.8)

38 (61.3)

6 (75.0)

 

328 (45.0)**

186 (44.8)

116 (41.7)

1.0

1.0 (0.8–1.3)

0.9 (0.7–1.2)

24 (7.1)*

8 (12.5)

2 (25.0)

1.0

1.67 (0.66–4.23)

5.0 (0.77–33.12)

Site received services

Hotel

Clinic

Mobile van

425 (39.2)**

36 (49.3)

66 (55.0)

1.0

1.4 (0.9–2.3)

1.8 (1.2–2.7)

172 (53.3)

1 (100.0)

38 (50.7)

 

511 (45.3)

27 (36.0)

55 (44.3)

 

27 (8.2)

0 (0.0)

7 (9.1)

 
  1. ***P < 0.001 **P < 0.05 *P = 0.05–0.1
  2. Statistical tests compare distribution of outcomes in each site, does not compare sites.
  3. AOR Adjusted odds ratio
  4. STI Sexually Transmitted Infection