Psychosocial determinants of HIV testing across stages of change in Spanish population: a cross-sectional national survey

Fuster-RuizdeApodaca, Maria Jose; Laguia, Ana; Molero, Fernando; Toledo, Javier; Arrillaga, Arantxa; Jaen, Angeles

doi:10.1186/s12889-017-4148-4

Table 5 Significant differences among the stages of change and the psychosocial testing determinants

From: Psychosocial determinants of HIV testing across stages of change in Spanish population: a cross-sectional national survey

	Decision not to act	Decision to act	Action	Maintenance	Abandonment
Lack of awareness	+ Underestimation of HIV risk***	+ Perceived HIV risk*	- Stereotypes***	+ Perceived HIV risk***	+ Social proximity test***
	+ Stereotypes***	- Stereotypes*	- Perceived mortality**	- Stereotypes*	+ Instrumental attitude*
	+ Perceived mortality	+ Social proximity test***	+ Social proximity test***	+ Social proximity test***
	- Self-efficacy test***		+ Self-efficacy test***	+ Self-efficacy test***
	- Motivation referents***		+ Instrumental attitude***	+ Self-efficacy diagnosis*
	- Benefits of test***		+ Emotional attitude**	+ Social proximity test
				+ Instrumental attitude*
Decision not to act		- Underestimation of HIV risk***	- Underestimation of HIV risk***	+ Perceived HIV risk**	- Stereotypes**
		- Stereotypes***	- Stereotypes***	- Underestimation of HIV risk**	+ Self-efficacy test***
		+ Self-efficacy test*	- Perceived mortality	- Stereotypes***	+ Social proximity test***
		+ Social proximity test***	+ Perceived stigma**	+ Self-efficacy test***	+ Motivation referents*
		+ Benefits test***	+ Self-efficacy test***	+ Self-efficacy diagnosis*	+ Benefits test**
		+ Instrumental attitude**	+ Social proximity test***	+ Social proximity test***	+ Instrumental attitude**
		+ Emotional attitude*	+ Motivation referents***	+ Motivation referents***
			+ Benefits test***	+ Benefits test***
			+ Instrumental attitude***	+ Instrumental attitude***
			+ Emotional attitude**	+ Emotional attitude*
Decision to act			+ Self-efficacy test**	+ Self-efficacy test**
Decision to act			+ Social proximity test***	+ Social proximity test***
Action				+ Perceived HIV risk**
				+ Social proximity test***
Maintenance					- Social proximity test***

HSD Tukey: *p < .05; ** p < .01; *** p < .001. + The score in the variable is higher at the stage in the column than at the stage in the row. - The score in the variable is lower at the stage in the column than at the stage in the row
Stereotypes: invulnerability associated with stereotypes. Self-efficacy test: self-efficacy to undergo testing; Self-efficacy diagnosis: self-efficacy to deal with a positive HIV diagnosis. Motivation referents: motivation to be tested if so requested by reference people. Social proximity test: social proximity to HIV-tested people. Benefits test: perceived benefits of being tested

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ISSN: 1471-2458

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