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Table 4 Odd ratios and 95% confidence intervals from crude logistic regression between environmental factors and physical activity (ref <150mins/week) in urban and rural participants

From: Association between perceived built environmental attributes and physical activity among adults in South Africa

Variables

Urban

 

Rural

LTPA

WL

TRPA

TPA

LTPA

WL

TRPA

TPA

Environmental factors (agree vs disagree)

 Land use mix-access

  I can do most of my shopping at local stores

7.19 (0.95-54.55)

1.37 (0.73-2.56)

1.62 (0.70-3.75

1.43 (0.63-3.23)

0.80 (0.32-2.00)

1.24 (0.82-1.88)

1.34 (0.58-3.10)

1.34 (0.88-2.05)

  Stores are within easy walking distance of my home

7.19 (0.95-54.55)

1.37 (0.73-2.56)

1.62 (0.70-3.75

1.43 (0.63-3.23)

0.80 (0.32-2.00)

1.24 (0.82-1.88)

1.34 (0.58-3.10)

1.34 (0.88-2.05

  There are many places to go within easy walking distance of my home

1.50 (0.33-6.86)

1.34 (0.64-2.79)

1.30 (0.46-3.68)

0.68 (0.30-1.55)

0.86 (0.34-2.17)

1.16 (0.76-1.76)

1.43 (0.61-3.31)

1.34 (0.87-2.07)

  It is easy to walk to a transit stop (bus, train) from my home

1.70 (0.38-7.70)

2.03**(1.19-2.81)

2.22 (0.50-9.87)

1.83** (1.19-2.81)

3.66 (0.83-16.27)

0.86 (0.41-1.80)

1.87 (0.72-4.88)

2.08 (0.94-4.54)

Street connectivity

 The distance between intersections in my neighborhood is usually short

2.88 (0.65-12.73)

1.03 (0.56-1.88)

1.71 (0.57-5.14)

1.25 (0.62-2.53)

0.43 (0.12-1.53)

1.12 (0.69-1.83)

1.61 (0.63-4.08)

1.09 (0.66-1.79)

 There are many four-way intersections in my neighborhood

3.70* (1.05-12.99)

2.17**(1.37-3.45)

1.61 (0.67-3.87)

1.57* (1.02-2.43)

0.21 (0.03-1.59)

1.29 (0.70-2.38)

2.87 (0.95-8.65)

0.52 (0.26-1.02)

 There are many alternative routes in my neighborhood

1.70 (0.38-7.70)

0.92 (0.47-1.81)

1.03 (0.37-2.87)

0.56 (0.27-1.16)

1.66 (0.64-4.30)

1.94**(1.28-2.94)

1.30 (0.56-3.00)

1.59* (1.05-2.43)

Infrastructure for walking and cycling

 There are sidewalks on most of the streets in my neighborhood

4.15 (0.54-31.98)

3.55***(2.15-5.88)

1.68 (0.70-4.03)

2.02** (1.30-3.15)

0.42 (0.12-1.49)

0.99 (0.52-1.90)

1.90 (0.73-4.96)

0.70 (0.34-1.45)

 The sidewalks in my neighborhood are well maintained

10.52* (1.40-79.31)

3.41***(1.98-5.88)

0.83 (0.36-1.94)

3.31***(2.06-5.34)

0.26 (0.06-1.15)

0.76 (0.44-1.34)

5.12* (1.18-22.30)

1.33(0.66-2.67)

 There is a grass that separates the streets from the sidewalks

2.78* (1.02-7.58)

2.63***(1.64-4.23)

1.11 (0.52-2.35)

2.51***(2.06-5.34)

0.44 (0.14-1.35)

0.82 (0.50-1.36)

3.07* (1.02-9.25)

0.62(0.35-1.11)

Aesthetics

 Trees give shade for the sidewalks in my neighborhood.

0.70 (0.30-1.66)

1.22 (0.74-2.00)

1.35 (0.62-2.96)

1.00(0.55-1.82)

3.95* (1.13-13.86)

1.02 (0.65-1.60)

0.93 (0.37-2.34)

0.98(0.63-1.54)

 There are many interesting things to look at while walking

0.65 (0.25-1.67)

1.75* (1.09-2.83)

2.06 (0.81-5.20)

1.04(0.56-1.95)

5.24* (1.19-23.18)

1.12 (0.67-1.88)

1.20 (0.49-2.92)

0.95(0.60-1.52)

 My neighborhood is generally free from litter.

2.33 (0.99-5.48)

1.32 (0.82-2.12)

2.04 (0.95-4.36)

0.75(0.42-1.33)

0.50 (0.16-1.55)

1.34 (0.85-2.11)

0.71 (0.26-1.97)

1.40(0.88-2.24)

Safety from traffic

 Too much traffic along the street I live in makes it difficult walk

0.39* (0.16-0.95)

0.39**(0.21-0.71)

0.83 (0.35-1.96)

1.01(0.49-2.05)

0.42 (0.14-1.29)

0.35***(0.22-0.56)

0.78 (0.32-1.88)

054**(0.35-.84)

 Too much traffic along nearby streets makes it difficult walk

0.76 (0.35-1.65)

0.66 (0.41-1.06)

0.74 (0.36-1.52)

0.91(0.51-1.62)

0.17 (0.22-1.31)

0.57 (0.32-1.04)

0.91 (0.30-2.79)

0.69(0.40-1.20)

 The crosswalks help walkers feel safe crossing busy streets

1.26 (0.47-3.34)

1.40 (0.80-2.46)

1.86 (0.84-4.12

1.06(0.53-2.11)

1.12 (0.41-3.03)

1.65* (1.01-2.68)

2.12 (0.70-6.42)

1.29(0.81-2.06)

Safety from crime

 My neighborhood streets are well lit at night

1.01 (0.36-2.84)

2.07* (1.16-3.70)

0.95 (0.35-2.33)

1.99*(1.04-3.80)

0.94 (0.30-2.95)

0.74 (0.41-1.34)

1.97 (0.69-5.68)

1.07(0.59-1.93)

 The crime rate makes it unsafe to go on walks during the day

1.34 (0.52-3.47)

0.67 (0.39-1.15)

0.72 (0.32-1.60)

1.12(0.59-2.13)

0.19**(0.05-0.66)

0.90 (0.59-1.39)

1.43 (0.61-3.35)

0.91(0.59-1.40)

 The crime rate makes it unsafe to go on walks at night.

0.85 (0.27-2.61)

0.48* (0.25-0.92)

0.78 (0.28-2.16)

1.29(0.63-2.66)

0.87 (0.32-2.36)

0.72 (0.47-1.12)

0.56 (0.21-1.60)

0.61*(0.39-.96)

  1. LTPA Leisure time physical activity, WL Walking for leisure, TRPA Transport related physical activity, TPA Total physical activity; * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001
  2. Bold is significant p value