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Table 2 Target groups and deployed vaccination strategies against pandemic influenza

From: Policy perspectives on post pandemic influenza vaccination in Ghana and Malawi

Vaccination Strategies in Ghana and Malawi

1. To vaccinate within 7 days after receiving the vaccines.

2. To vaccination in phase i.e. to cover 2% of the population followed by 8%.

3. To first vaccinate 2% of HCW to protect the integrity of the health-care system and the country’s critical infrastructure.

4. To reduce morbidity and mortality among pregnant women.

5. To reduce transmission of the pandemic virus within communities by vaccinating children.

6. To undertake public awareness campaigns through TV, radio and print media.

Target groups

Ghana (100%)

Malawi (75%)

Health-care workers (HCW)

Vaccination teams visited each health facility after an education campaign. More campaigns undertaken to improve uptake. HCW and security personnel voluntary got vaccinated first without incentives.

Vaccination teams visited health facilities accompanied by an educational campaign. Due to low uptake, vaccination teams deploy the police force

Pregnant women

Vaccination teams visited maternal clinics and held one to one sessions. Programme supported Information, Education and Communication (IEC) to change attitudes and perceptions. More campaigns undertaken to improve uptake.

Vaccination teams visited maternal clinics accompanied by an educational campaign. More Information, Education and Communication (IEC) campaigns to change attitudes and perceptions. Due to low uptake, vaccination teams deploy the police force.

Children aged 6 months to 11 years:

Mobile vaccination teams visiting nurseries and schools supported by Information, Education and Communication (IEC) on attitudes and perceptions. More campaigns undertaken to improve uptake.

Vaccination teams visited under-five clinics accompanied by an educational campaign. More Information, Education and Communication (IEC) campaigns to change attitudes and perceptions. Due to low uptake, vaccination teams deploy the police force.

Population Immunocompromised (HIV/AIDS) and vulnerable people such as the elderly.

Vaccinated via routine antenatal clinics at all levels of health care delivery. More campaigns undertaken to improve uptake.

Not targeted