Table 2 Percentage of respondents reporting gambling-related harms measured using PGSI and SOGS in 2011 and 2015

SOGS #4

1. Gamble more than you intended to

6.7

10.1

≤.001

.060

15.2

17.0

.123

.024

PGSI #1 / SOGS #1

2. Go back another day to win back money (chasing)

5.1

5.1

.944

.001

12.0

10.1

.035

−.033

PGSI #9 / SOGS #6

3. Felt guilty

2.8

6.4

≤.001

.085

7.0

7.4

.637

.007

PGSI #4

4. Need to gamble with larger amounts of money to maintain excitement

1.4

1.5

.898

.003

4.8

4.8

.943

.001

PGSI #7 / SOGS #5

5. People criticized your gambling

1.4

1.2

.496

−.011

3.6

3.3

.616

−.008

PGSI #2 / SOGS #3

6. Feel you have a problem

0.8

1.6

.024

.035

3.4

4.4

.117

.025

PGSI #3

7. Betting more than can afford to lose

1.3

1.7

.315

.016

4.2

4.2

1.000

.000

SOGS #7

8. Felt like you would like to stop gambling but didn’t think you could

1.2

2.4

.004

.044

2.1

2.4

.535

.011

SOGS #2

9. Claimed to be winning money gambling but weren’t really

0.9

0.4

.061

−.030

3.8

1.5

≤.001

.074

SOGS #9

10. Money arguments centred on gambling

0.8

1.2

.173

.022

1.3

1.5

.975

.005

PGSI #6

11. Gambling causing health problems

0.5

0.4

.667

−.007

1.6

2.0

.427

.014

PGSI #5 / SOGS #12-20

12. Borrowing money or selling something to finance gambling

0.4

0.5

.819

.007

1.0

0.7

.185

−.020

PGSI #8

13. Gambling causing financial problems

0.2

0.4

.588

.010

1.2

1.1

.772

.006

SOGS #11

14. Lost time from work or school

0.4

0.4

1.000

.000

0.8

0.9

1.000

.002

SOGS #8

15. Hidden betting slips

0.2

0.7

.046

.033

0.7

0.8

.604

.009

SOGS #10

16. Borrowed money and not paid them back

0.2

0.5

.221

.020

0.3

0.6

.249

.021