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Table 3 Psychological, social, and mechanical work factors as predictors of disability retirement

From: Psychological, social, and mechanical work exposures and disability retirement: a prospective registry study

Factor

Number

HRa

99% CI

P-value for trend

Decision demands

   

0.411

 Low

986

1.00

  

 Middle

4890

0.82

0.56–1.21

 

 High

5958

0.86

0.58–1.26

 

Quantitative demands

   

0.035

 Low

4012

1.00

  

 Middle

4686

1.14

0.87–1.49

 

 High

3318

1.28

0.95–1.73

 

Role clarity

   

0.913

 Low

386

1.00

  

 Middle

1478

0.60

0.30–1.18

 

 High

10283

0.70

0.39–1.25

 

Role conflict

   

0.020

 Low

5797

1.00

  

 Middle

5042

1.25

0.99–1.59

 

 High

1312

1.55

1.07–2.24

 

Positive challengeb

   

0.027

 Low

440

1.00

  

 Middle

1983

0.68

0.40–1.17

 

 High

8675

0.56

0.34–0.93

 

Control over work intensity

   

<0.001

 Low

3461

1.00

  

 Middle

2406

0.84

0.62–1.14

 

 High

6227

0.62

0.47–0.82

 

Decision controlc

   

0.005

 Low

4057

1.00

  

 Middle

4374

0.92

0.70–1.20

 

 High

3135

0.70

0.48–1.01

 

Predictability during the next month

   

0.998

 Low

568

1.00

  

 Middle

1423

1.70

0.88–3.32

 

 High

10159

1.22

0.66–2.23

 

Support from immediate superiord

   

0.826

 Low

989

1.00

  

 Middle

2517

1.06

0.67–1.67

 

 High

8343

0.96

0.60–1.52

 

Empowering leadership

   

0.175

 Low

2930

1.00

  

 Middle

4260

0.80

0.60–1.05

 

 High

4935

0.86

0.65–1.13

 

Fair leadership

   

0.001

 Low

753

1.00

  

 Middle

2175

0.61

0.40–0.93

 

 High

9064

0.56

0.39–0.81

 

Innovative climatebde

   

0.035

 Low

787

1.00

  

 Middle

3703

0.85

0.53–1.37

 

 High

6484

1.04

0.64–1.71

 

Social climatede

   

0.528

 Low

584

1.00

  

 Middle

2947

0.89

0.53–1.50

 

 High

7826

0.92

0.54–1.56

 

Human resource primacy

   

0.110

 Low

2886

1.00

  

 Middle

4566

0.79

0.59–1.04

 

 High

4210

0.79

0.59–1.05

 

Physical workloadc

   

<0.001

 Low

7115

1.00

  

 Middle

3075

1.26

0.94–1.68

 

 High

1631

1.93

1.39–2.68

 

Working with arms raised to or above shoulder levelcf

   

0.058

 Low

8040

1.00

  

 Middle

2434

1.15

0.84–1.58

 

 High

1314

1.21

0.83–1.76

 
  1. N number of subjects, HR hazard ratio, CI confidence interval
  2. aAdjusted for sex, age group, skill level, and sickness absence in the 3 years prior to response caused by cardiovascular disease, respiratory illnesses, cerebrovascular disease, diabetes, or cancer
  3. bAdjusted for decision control
  4. cAdjusted for control over work intensity
  5. dAdjusted for fair leadership
  6. eAdjusted for human resource primacy
  7. fAdjusted for physical workload