|
Characteristics
|
Junior high school or less
|
Senior high school
|
College or higher
|
p for interaction
|
Education trend for each group
|
|---|
|
OR
|
(95 % CI)
|
OR
|
(95 % CI)
|
OR
|
(95 % CI)
|
OR
|
(95 % CI)
|
p for trend
|
|---|
|
Smoking status
| | | | | | |
.01
| | | |
|
Non-smoking
|
1.00
| |
1.01
|
(0.80–1.28)
|
1.02
|
(0.81–1.30)
| |
1.12
|
(1.01–1.24)
|
.03
|
|
Smoking
|
0.66
|
(0.50–0.86)
|
0.79
|
(0.62–1.01)
|
0.93
|
(0.71–1.22)
| |
1.05
|
(0.94–1.17)
|
.41
|
|
Risk from drinking alcohol
| | | | | | |
<.001
| | | |
|
No or low risk
|
1.00
| |
0.93
|
(0.73–1.18)
|
1.08
|
(0.84–1.39)
| |
1.00
|
(0.89–1.11)
|
.95
|
|
Medium or higher risk
|
1.19
|
(0.90–1.56)
|
1.50
|
(1.18-1.90)
|
1.56
|
(1.21–2.01)
| |
1.16
|
(1.05–1.29)
|
<.01
|
|
Physical exercise
| | | | | | |
.76
| | | |
|
Inactive
|
1.00
| |
1.10
|
(0.89–1.35)
|
1.20
|
(0.95–1.51)
| |
1.09
|
(0.98–1.20)
|
.11
|
|
Active
|
1.04
|
(0.77–1.41)
|
1.08
|
(0.81–1.46)
|
1.14
|
(0.86–1.52)
| |
1.07
|
(0.96-1.20)
|
.21
|
|
Sleep duration
| | | | | | |
.33
| | | |
|
Long
|
1.00
| |
1.11
|
(0.89–1.38)
|
1.13
|
(0.88–1.46)
| |
1.06
|
(0.96–1.18)
|
.24
|
|
Short
|
1.08
|
(0.84–1.38)
|
1.14
|
(0.88–1.47)
|
1.34
|
(1.03–1.73)
| |
1.11
|
(1.00–1.24)
|
.05
|
|
Energy intake
| | | | | | |
<.001
| | | |
|
Not under- reported
|
1.00
| |
1.14
|
(0.91–1.44)
|
1.28
|
(1.02–1.62)
| |
1.01
|
(0.91–1.12)
|
.89
|
|
Under- reported
|
2.29
|
(1.74–3.02)
|
2.23
|
(1.71–2.92)
|
2.19
|
(1.65–2.91)
| |
1.29
|
(1.16–1.44)
|
<.001
|
|
Stress
| | | | | | |
.41
| | | |
|
Not stressful
|
1.00
| |
1.03
|
(0.84–1.26)
|
1.16
|
(0.93–1.45)
| |
1.08
|
(0.97–1.19)
|
.17
|
|
Stressful
|
0.96
|
(0.68–1.34)
|
1.26
|
(0.95–1.68)
|
1.22
|
(0.94–1.59)
| |
1.12
|
(1.00–1.24)
|
.05
|
- All analyses were conducted considering the complex survey design
- P value was obtained by the Wald test
- All estimates for all the interaction terms between education each health behavior were obtained from the multivariate logistic regression models, adjusted for age, marital status, residential area, employment status, equivalized household income, self-rated health, chronic disease, survey year, and the other lifestyle behaviors
- N number, OR odds ratio, CI confidence interval, Obesity body mass index ≥25
