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Table 2 Associations between defending behaviors and bullying roles (N = 2,872)

From: Defending behaviors, bullying roles, and their associations with mental health in junior high school students: a population-based study

 

Defending behaviors score (Range: 1–5)

ANOVA

Multivariate regression

Mean

SD

Beta

STB

SD

p-value

Bullying role:

 Bullies (B)

1.82

0.06

−0.18

−0.06

0.07

0.011

 Bystanders (BY)

1.80

0.03

−0.21

−0.10

0.06

0.002

 Bully-victims (BV)

1.97

0.12

−0.07

−0.01

0.11

0.532

 Victims (V)

2.02

0.07

ref

   
 

F = 3.24

 

(p =0.018)

Post-hoc test

V > B, BY

  1. Note 1: Means were weighted by sampling probabilities
  2. Note 2: This multivariate regression model was adjusted for sex, grade, aggressive personality, communication skills, school attachment, parents’ marital status, parents’ education level, family activity level, family support level, family conflict level, and punishment level