Table 3 Multivariable GEE logistic regression model of characteristics associated with experiencing homelessness during a 3-year follow-up period among vulnerably housed participants in 3 Canadian cities
Characteristic | Core Model Adjusted Odds Ratio (95 % CI) | Final Model Adjusted Odds Ratio (95 % CI) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
City | |||
Ottawa | 1.66 (1.16–2.37) | 1.88 (1.31–2.70) | <0.001 |
Toronto | 1.04 (0.71–1.54) | 1.15 (0.77–1.71) | 0.497 |
Vancouver | 1 | 1 | -- |
For every year of age | 0.98 (0.97–1.00) | 0.99 (0.97–1.00) | 0.126 |
Gender | |||
Male | 1.64 (1.19–2.28) | 1.59 (1.14–2.21) | 0.007 |
Female | 1 | 1 | -- |
Highest level of education | |||
Less than high school | 0.65 (0.48–0.87) | 0.68 (0.50–0.91) | 0.009 |
More than high school | 1 | 1 | -- |
Chronic conditions | |||
1 | 0.66 (0.38–1.15) | 0.63 (0.35–1.11) | 0.110 |
2 | 0.81 (0.47–1.41) | 0.83 (0.47–1.45) | 0.505 |
≥3 | 0.60 (0.36–1.01) | 0.55 (0.33–0.94) | 0.029 |
None | 1 | 1 | -- |
Per 10 % of time spent homeless prior to baseline | 1.07 (1.02–1.12) | 1.06 (1.01–1.11) | 0.018 |
Per interval year of follow-up | 0.96 (0.85–1.08) | 0.96 (0.85–1.09) | 0.515 |
Per unit housing quality | -- | 0.99 (0.97–1.00) | 0.048 |
DAST risk level | |||
Low | -- | 1.29 (0.90–1.84) | 0.164 |
Moderate | -- | 1.40 (1.00–1.97) | 0.049 |
Substantial | -- | 1.71 (1.20–2.44) | 0.006 |
Severe | -- | 1.98 (1.22–3.20) | 0.003 |
No drug use | -- | 1 | -- |