Table 3 Summary of consumption estimates and population-normalised loads measured in wastewater data for alcohol, tobacco and caffeine
Alcohol | Tobacco | Caffeine (Coffee) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Reported | Wastewater | Reported | Wastewater | Reported | Wastewater | ||
WHO | EtS | Euromonitor Int. | HydCot + Cot | Euromonitor Int. | Caffeine | Sum Metabolites | |
City/Country | (L/year/person.) | c(g/day/1000 inh) | (cigarettes/person/day) | (g/day/1000 inh.) | (kg per capita in 2013.) | g/day/1000 inh | |
Oslo/Norway | 9.5 | 4.9 | 1.5 | 6.7 | 7.2 | 42.9 | 129.7 |
Castellon/Spain | 13.2 | 1.7 | 4.8 | 5.2 | 3.0 | 9.9 | 74.2 |
Brussels/Belgium | 13.3 | 5.6 | 4.0 | 5.3 | 4.9 | 25.8 | 116.6 |
Bristol/UK | 14.1 | 4.2 | 2.1 | 3.4 | 1.7 | 22.1 | 112.8 |
Utrecht/Netherlands | 11.9 | 2.8 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 6.7 | 13.4 | 57.3 |
Milan/Italy | 7.8 | 1.7 | 4.0 | 2.6 | 3.4 | 10.8 | 49.9 |
Zurich/Switzerland | 12.6 | 3.8 | 4.7 | 6.0 | 3.9 | 24.5 | 141.0 |
Copenhagen/Denmark | 13.9 | 7.7 | 3.9 | 2.1 | 5.3 | 39.4 | 154.1 |