Table 3 Multivariable models of perceived encouragement and motivation for dog walking in 629 dog owners in RESIDE Study, Perth, Western Australia (Sep 2003-Mar 2005)

 Dog size

Small

1

1

Medium/large

1.81

1.24–2.63

0.002

2.06

1.33–3.17

0.001

 Level of attachment to dog

Medium/low

1

1

High

1.70

0.99–2.92

0.05

2.12

1.21–3.74

0.01

 Spouse/partner main person in household who walks with dog

Yes

1

1

No

1.55

0.91–2.64

0.11

2.44

1.35–4.42

0.003

 Child main person in household who walks with dog

Yes

1

1

No

2.46

1.13–5.33

0.02

5.34

2.40–11.85

<0.001

 Owns an overweight dog

Yes

1

No

-

-

-

1.76

1.01–3.07

0.05

 Affected by poor health or age of dog

Yes

1

No

-

-

-

1.58

1.00–2.49

0.05

 Perceived access to POS with dog-supportive features

Poor

1

Good/Average

-

-

-

0.57

0.36–0.91

0.02

 Subjective norm of family, other owners and veterinarian to walking with dog daily

Neutral/Negative

1

1

Positive

1.12

0.72–1.73

0.62

1.68

0.94–2.99

0.08

 Perceived dog-specific barriers to walking with dog daily

Ambivalent-Likely to discourage

1

1

Unlikely to discourage

1.65

1.15–2.38

0.01

1.60

1.02–2.52

0.04

 Knowing dog enjoys going for a walk

Ambivalent-Unlikely motivation to walk with dog daily

1

1

Likely motivation to walk with dog daily

1.87

1.21–2.90

0.01

2.84

1.73–4.67

<0.001

 I feel safe when walking with my dogs

Ambivalent-Unlikely motivation to walk with dog daily

1

1

Likely motivation to walk with dog daily

0.77

0.50–1.18

0.23

1.12

0.67–1.90

0.65

 Keep dog healthy

Ambivalent-Unlikely outcome of walking with dog daily

1

1

Likely outcomes of walking with dog daily

2.07

1.17–3.68

0.01

1.96

1.10–3.46

0.02

 Reduce the risk of dog barking

Ambivalent-Unlikely outcome of walking with dog daily

1

Likely outcomes of walking with dog daily

1.31

0.81–2.14

0.27

1.83

1.14–2.93

0.01

 Gender

Male

1

Female

1.39

0.94–2.05

0.10

-

-

-

 Children at home <18 years

Yes

1

1

No

1.68

1.16–2.45

0.01

2.12

1.35–3.28

0.001

 Education

Secondary or less

1

0.18

Trade/apprentice/certificate

-

-

-

1.50

0.94–2.41

0.09

Bachelor or higher

-

-

-

1.53

0.85–2.75

0.16

 Social support from family to go walking in past month

Poor

1

1

Average/Good

1.76

1.19–2.58

0.004

2.58

1.66–4.01

<0.001