Table 1 Characteristics of the study sample and the subsample
Young workers without/with high work demands | Women | Women with high work demands | Men | Men with high work demands | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N = 2351/N = 788 | N = 1295 (55 %) | N = 439 (56 %) | N = 1056 (45 %) | N = 349 (44 %) | ||||
Individual factors | ||||||||
Work ability: mean | 9.2 | 9.0 | 9.2 | 9.1 | ||||
range | 1–10 | 1–10 | 1–10 | 1–10 | ||||
SD | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.2 | 1.4 | ||||
Age in years: mean | 24.3 | 24.3 | 24.8 | 24.7 | ||||
range | 18–29 | 18–29 | 18–29 | 18–29 | ||||
SD | 3.3 | 3.2 | 3.2 | 3.1 | ||||
Years in present occupation: mean | 2.5 | 2.8 | 3.1 | 3.7 | ||||
range | 1/12–14 | 1/12–14 | 1/12–15 | 1/12–15 | ||||
SD | 2.3 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.8 | ||||
N | % | N | % | N | % | N | % | |
Excellent work ability | 814 | 63 | 252 | 57 | 673 | 64 | 204 | 58 |
Educational level | ||||||||
Compulsory school/high school | 705 | 55 | 261 | 60 | 692 | 66 | 261 | 75 |
Post–gymnasium/college/university | 574 | 45 | 173 | 40 | 356 | 34 | 85 | 25 |
Pain in at least one location of the body at least one day per week the last three months | 791 | 62 | 318 | 75 | 452 | 44 | 198 | 58 |
Tired out after work at least one day per week the last three months | 699 | 55 | 324 | 75 | 515 | 49 | 245 | 71 |
Sleep difficulties due to thoughts of the work keeping you awake at least one day per week the last three months | 246 | 19 | 113 | 26 | 155 | 15 | 70 | 20 |
Recovery opportunities | ||||||||
Possibility of deciding working hours | ||||||||
Yes, flexible working hours or free working hours | 742 | 58 | 208 | 48 | 616 | 59 | 164 | 47 |
No, cannot influence working hours | 544 | 42 | 229 | 52 | 433 | 41 | 184 | 53 |
Possibility of deciding the work pace | ||||||||
At least 3/4 of the time | 484 | 38 | 114 | 26 | 495 | 47 | 145 | 42 |
At most half of the time | 803 | 62 | 322 | 74 | 557 | 53 | 204 | 58 |
Possibility of taking short breaks | ||||||||
At least 3/4 of the time | 495 | 39 | 106 | 24 | 577 | 55 | 155 | 45 |
At most half of the time | 790 | 61 | 330 | 76 | 466 | 45 | 189 | 55 |
Possibility of deciding when to perform a work task | ||||||||
Mostly or always | 581 | 45 | 152 | 35 | 604 | 58 | 172 | 50 |
Mostly not or never | 701 | 55 | 280 | 65 | 445 | 42 | 174 | 50 |
Having work that is mostly | ||||||||
Varied | 548 | 43 | 172 | 40 | 411 | 39 | 126 | 36 |
Monotonous | 740 | 57 | 263 | 60 | 635 | 61 | 222 | 64 |