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Table 3 Crude and Adjusted Prevalence Ratio (PR) of history of involvement in fights with firearm and/or cold weapon among 9th grade students attending public and private schools in Brazil, 2012

From: Involvement of school students in fights with weapons: prevalence and associated factors in Brazil

 

Sex

Male

Female

Variables

crude PR

95 % CI

p

adjusted PR*

95 % CI

p

crude PR

95 % CI

p

adjusted PR*

95 % CI

p

Sociodemographic characteristics

 Age group

 

<0.001

 

<0.001

 

<0.001

 

<0.001

  ≥14 years

1

 

1

 

1

 

1

 

  15 or over

1.56 (1.46-1.68)

 

1.17 (1.09-1.25)

 

1.58 (1.44-1.74)

 

1.20 (1.09-1.32)

 

 Ethnicity/skin color

 

<0.001

 

0.056

 

<0.001

 

0.012

  White

  

1

 

1

 

1

 

  Black

1.26 (1.14-1.39)

 

1.09 (0.99-1.20)

 

1.33 (1.14-1.56)

 

1.19(1.02-1.39)

 

  Yellow

1.12 (0.93-1.34)

 

0.90 (0.76-1.07)

 

1.16 (0.93-1.45)

 

1.11 (0.89-1.38)

 

  Brown

0.98 (0.91-1.06)

 

0.97 (0.89-1.04)

 

1.11 (1.00-1.24)

 

1.10 (0.99-1.22)

 

  Indigenous

1.27 (1.07-1.50)

 

1.10 (0.94-1.29)

 

1.74 (1.39-2.17)

 

1.44 (1.15-1.80)

 

 Type of school

 

<0.001

   

<0.001

  

  Private

1

 

-

 

1

 

-

 

  Public

1.18 (1.08-1.30)

 

-

 

1.42 (1.23-1.64)

 

-

 

 Employment

 

<0.001

 

<0.001

 

<0.001

 

<0.001

  No

1

 

1

 

1

 

1

 

  Yes

1.91 (1.77-2.05)

 

1.32 (1.22-1.42)

 

1.96 (1.74-2.20)

 

1.35 (1.20-1.52)

 

Health-risk behaviors

 Cigarette smoking in the previous 30 days

 

<0.001

 

<0.001

 

<0.001

 

<0.001

  No

1

 

1

 

1

 

1

 

  Yes

3.74 (3.46-4.04)

 

1.41 (1.27-1.57)

 

4.00 (3.56-4.50)

 

1.58 (1.36-1.84)

 

 Alcohol intake in the previous 30 days

 

<0.001

 

<0.001

 

<0.001

 

<0.001

  No

1

 

1

 

1

 

1

 

  Yes

3.00 (2.80-3.20)

 

2.07 (1.92-2.24)

 

2.72 (2.48-2.98)

 

1.77(1.60-1.97)

 

 Use of illicit drugs

 

<0.001

 

<0.001

 

<0.001

 

<0.001

  No

1

 

1

 

1

 

1

 

  Yes

4.74 (4.39-5.12)

 

1.66(1.48-1.86)

 

5.08 (4.40-5.87)

 

1.70(1.43-2.03)

 

Mental Health

 Insomnia

 

<0.001

 

<0.001

 

<0.001

 

<0.001

  No

1

 

1

 

1

 

1

 

  Yes

1.87 (1.68-2.07)

 

1.23 (1.11-1.36)

 

2.10 (1.89-2.34)

 

1.37 (1.22-1.53)

 

 Close friends

 

<0.001

 

<0.001

 

<0.001

 

0.011

  One or more

1

 

1

 

1

 

1

 

  None

1.81 (1.60-2.05)

 

1.45 (1.28-1.64)

 

1.70 (1.35-2.14)

 

1.36(1.07-1.72)

 

Parental supervision

 Living with mother and/or father

 

<0.001

      

  Yes

1

 

-

 

1

 

1

 

  No

1.38 (1.22-1.57)

 

-

 

1.65 (1.42-1.92)

 

1.29 (1.11-1.50)

 

 Skipping classes without permission

 

<0.001

 

<0.001

 

<0.001

 

<0.001

  No

1

 

1

 

1

 

1

 

  Yes

1.92(1.79-2.06)

 

1.30 (1.20-1.39)

 

2.32 (2.11-2.55)

 

1.46 (1.31-1.61)

 

Context of violence

 Suffering family violence

 

<0.001

 

<0.001

 

<0.001

 

<0.001

  No

1

 

1

 

1

 

1

 

  Yes

2.72 (2.51-2.94)

 

1.62 (1.49-1.76)

 

2.84 (2.57-3.14)

 

1.72 (1.54-1.93)

 

 Suffering bullying

 

<0.001

   

<0.001

 

<0.001

  No

1

 

-

 

1

 

1

 

  Yes

1.37 (1.23-1.53)

 

-

 

2.21 (1.92-2.54)

 

1.55 (1.34-1.79)

 

 Unsafe on the way to and from and/or at school

 

<0.001

 

<0.001

 

<0.001

 

<0.001

  No

1

 

1

 

1

 

1

 

  Yes

2.49 (2.31-2.68)

 

1.50 (1.38-1.63)

 

2.35 (2.11-2.62)

 

1.36 (1.21-1.54)

 
  1. crude PR crude prevalence ratio; adjusted, PR adjusted prevalence ratio, 95 % CI 95 % confidence interval