From: Factors associated with hospitalization for seasonal influenza in a Japanese nonelderly cohort
Total | 2013/2014 season | 2014/2015 season | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Parameters | Non-hospitalized patient | Hospitalized patient | P | Non-hospitalized patient | Hospitalized patient | P | Non-hospitalized patient | Hospitalized patient | P | ||||||
No. | (%) | No. | (%) | No. | (%) | No. | (%) | No. | (%) | No. | (%) | ||||
Number of patients | 87,778 | 276 | 74,101 | 239 | 13,677 | 37 | |||||||||
Female, n (%) | 39,122 | (44.57) | 141 | (51.09) | 0.034 | 32,896 | (44.39) | 122 | (51.05) | 0.045 | 6226 | (45.52) | 19 | (51.35) | 0.585 |
Age, (years) | <0.001 | 0.00 | <0.001 | ||||||||||||
<2 | 2916 | (3.32) | 58 | (21.01) | 2553 | (3.45) | 56 | (23.43) | 363 | (2.65) | 2 | (5.41) | |||
2–4 | 7932 | (9.04) | 58 | (21.01) | 6934 | (9.36) | 48 | (20.08) | 998 | (7.30) | 10 | (27.03) | |||
5–17 | 35,066 | (39.95) | 75 | (27.17) | 29,397 | (39.67) | 62 | (25.94) | 5669 | (41.45) | 13 | (35.14) | |||
18–64 | 41,864 | (47.69) | 85 | (30.80) | 35,217 | (47.53) | 73 | (30.54) | 6647 | (48.60) | 12 | (32.43) | |||
Virus type | <0.001 | 0.00 | <0.001 | 0.769 | |||||||||||
A | 54,643 | (62.25) | 188 | (68.12) | 41,160 | (55.55) | 152 | (63.60) | 13,483 | (98.58) | 36 | (97.30) | |||
B | 32,048 | (36.51) | 78 | (28.26) | 31,863 | (43.00) | 77 | (32.22) | 185 | (1.35) | 1 | (2.70) | |||
Both A and B | 1030 | (1.17) | 10 | (3.62) | 1021 | (1.38) | 10 | (4.18) | 9 | (0.07) | 0 | (0.00) | |||
Unknown | 57 | (0.06) | 0 | (0.00) | 57 | (0.08) | 0 | (0.00) | 0 | (0.00) | 0 | (0.00) | |||
Comorbidity | |||||||||||||||
Asthma | 20,631 | (23.50) | 109 | (39.49) | <0.001 | 17,536 | (23.66) | 99 | (41.42) | <0.001 | 3095 | (22.63) | 10 | (27.03) | 0.659 |
COPD | 444 | (0.51) | 8 | (2.90) | <0.001 | 382 | (0.52) | 7 | (2.93) | <0.001 | 62 | (0.45) | 1 | (2.70) | 0.422 |
Cardiovascular disease | 811 | (0.92) | 5 | (1.81) | 0.222 | 705 | (0.95) | 5 | (2.09) | 0.14 | 106 | (0.78) | 0 | 0.00 | 1.000 |
Cerebrovascular disease | 357 | (0.41) | 4 | (1.45) | 0.025 | 304 | (0.41) | 3 | (1.26) | 0.126 | 53 | (0.39) | 1 | (2.70) | 0.352 |
Diabetes mellitus | 811 | (0.92) | 6 | (2.17) | 0.065 | 711 | (0.96) | 4 | (1.67) | 0.425 | 100 | (0.73) | 2 | (5.41) | 0.019 |
Mental disorder | 4294 | (4.89) | 25 | (9.06) | 0.002 | 3618 | (4.88) | 22 | (9.21) | 0.003 | 676 | (4.94) | 3 | (8.11) | 0.612 |
Neurologic disease | 4425 | (5.04) | 33 | (11.96) | <0.001 | 3708 | (5.00) | 26 | (10.88) | <0.001 | 717 | (5.24) | 7 | (18.92) | 0.001 |
Anemia | 1749 | (1.99) | 15 | (5.43) | <0.001 | 1458 | (1.97) | 12 | (5.02) | 0.002 | 291 | (2.13) | 3 | (8.11) | 0.052 |
Immunodeficiency | 113 | (0.13) | 1 | (0.36) | 0.811 | 97 | (0.13) | 1 | (0.42) | 0.741 | 16 | (0.12) | 0 | 0.00 | 1.000 |
Liver disease | 1768 | (2.01) | 11 | (3.99) | 0.035 | 1494 | (2.02) | 6 | (2.51) | 0.755 | 274 | (2.00) | 5 | (13.51) | <0.001 |
Dialysis | 19 | (0.02) | 1 | (0.36) | 0.08 | 14 | (0.02) | 1 | (0.42) | 0.039 | 5 | (0.04) | 0 | 0.00 | 1.000 |
Malignancy | 547 | (0.62) | 6 | (2.17) | 0.004 | 464 | (0.63) | 4 | (1.67) | 0.102 | 83 | (0.61) | 2 | (5.41) | 0.008 |
Regular steroid use | 796 | (0.91) | 8 | (2.90) | 0.002 | 665 | (0.90) | 7 | (2.93) | 0.003 | 131 | (0.96) | 1 | (2.70) | 0.808 |
Complication | |||||||||||||||
Respiratory co-infection | 59,597 | (67.90) | 201 | (72.83) | 0.092 | 50,589 | (68.27) | 177 | (74.06) | 0.064 | 9008 | (65.86) | 24 | (64.86) | 1.000 |
Encephalitis | 0 | (0.00) | 6 | (2.17) | <0.001 | 0 | (0.00) | 6 | (2.51) | <0.001 | 0 | (0.00) | 0 | (0.00) | – |
Pneumonia | 0 | (0.00) | 6 | (2.17) | <0.001 | 0 | (0.00) | 4 | (1.67) | <0.001 | 0 | (0.00) | 2 | (5.41) | <0.001 |
Death | 0 | (0.00) | 1 | (0.36) | <0.001 | 0 | (0.00) | 1 | (0.42) | <0.001 | 0 | (0.00) | 0 | (0.00) | – |