| Total | Ghana | South Africa | Jamaica | Seychelles | USA | P a |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N | 2180 | 441 | 485 | 368 | 438 | 448 | Â |
GNPb ($) |  | 1′260 | 6′100 | 4′550 | 10′270 | 48′960 |  |
HDIcd | Â | 0.621 | 0.540 | 0.727 | 0.799 | 0.934 | Â |
World bank income classd | Â | Lower middle income | Upper middle income | Upper middle income | High income | High income | Â |
Women, N (%) | 1209 (55.5) | 265 (60.1) | 257 (53.0) | 227 (61.8) | 229 (52.3) | 231 (51.6) | =0.004 |
Age, mean (SD) | 34.7 (6.2) | 34.5 (6.6) | 33.3 (5.8) | 34.5 (6.2) | 36.0 (5.6) | 35.4 (6.3) | =0.009 |
Educational level, N (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | <0.001 |
 Tertiary | 163 (7.5) | 16 (3.6) | 22 (4.5) | 25 (6.8) | 29 (6.6) | 71 (15.8) |  |
 Secondary | 1106 (50.7) | 190 (42.9) | 398 (82.1) | 84 (22.8) | 117 (26.7) | 318 (71.0) |  |
 Lower than secondary | 911 (41.8) | 237 (53.5) | 65 (13.4) | 259 (70.4) | 292 (66.7) | 59 (13.2) |  |
Wealth tertiles, N (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | <0.001 |
 High | 557 (26.5) | 146 (33.0) | 162 (32.9) | 91 (24.7) | 112 (25.6) | 67 (15.0) |  |
 Middle | 691 (31.7) | 141 (31.8) | 150 (33.4) | 101 (27.5) | 161 (36.8) | 139 (31.0) |  |
 Low | 912 (41.8) | 156 (35.2) | 173 (31.0) | 176 (47.8) | 165 (37.7) | 242 (54.0) |  |
Smoking, N (%) | 571 (26.2) | 11 (2.5) | 167 (34.4) | 92 (25.0) | 91 (20.8) | 210 (46.9) | <0.001 |
Physically active, N (%) | 853 (39.1) | 219 (49.4) | 233 (48.1) | 107 (29.1) | 179 (40.9) | 115 (25.7) | <0.001 |
Obese, N (%) | 665 (30.5) | 46 (10.4) | 156 (32.2) | 115 (31.3) | 110 (25.1) | 238 (53.1) | <0.001 |
Hypertensive, N (%) | 290 (13.3) | 20 (4.5) | 96 (19.8) | 25 (6.8) | 53 (12.1) | 96 (21.4) | <0.001 |
High cholesterol, N (%) | 336 (15.4) | 55 (12.4) | 52 (10.7) | 46 (12.5) | 71 (16.2) | 112 (25.0) | <0.001 |
Elevated blood glucose, N (%) | 686 (31.5) | NA | 44 (9.1) | 74 (20.1) | 168 (38.4) | 184 (41.1) | <0.001 |