Economic burden associated with alcohol dependence in a German primary care sample: a bottom-up study

BMC Public Health

Table 1 Sociodemographics and disability by AD diagnosis

	All patients	Non-AD	AD	p ^a
	N = 1,356	N = 1,213	N = 143	p ^a
Sex (% female, CI)	56.9 (54.2–59.5)	59.8 (57.1–62.6)	33.0 (25.3–40.7)	<.001
Age (%, CI)
18–29	19.6 (17.5–21.7)	19.1 (16.9–21.3)	23.4 (16.5–30.3)	.218
30–39	17.9 (15.9–20.0)	17.9 (15.7–20.1)	18.3 (12.0–24.6)	.908
40–49	18.7 (16.6–20.8)	19.1 (16.9–21.4)	14.8 (9.0–20.7)	.218
50–64	43.8 (41.2–46.5)	43.9 (41.0–46.7)	43.5 (35.3–51.7)	.930
Unemployment (%, CI)	12.4 (10.6–14.1)	11.8 (9.9–13.6)	17.0 (10.8–23.2)	.078
Socioeconomic status (%, CI)
Above average	20.1 (18.0–22.3)	19.3 (17.1–21.6)	26.8 (19.5–34.1)	.037
Average	69.0 (66.5–71.5)	70.0 (67.5–72.6)	60.5 (52.5–68.6)	.021
Below average	10.9 (9.2–12.5)	10.6 (8.9–12.4)	12.7 (7.2–18.2)	.459
Disability score (WHODAS, mean, SD)	14.8 (14.7)	14.4 (14.4)	18.1 (16.2)	.004

Note
AD Alcohol dependence, CI 95 % confidence interval, WHODAS World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0
^adifference between AD and non-AD cases was determined using Chi²-Tests (F-distribution) for binary variables (sex, age categories, unemployment, socioeconomic categories) and negative binomial regression for the count variable (WHODAS sum score)

ISSN: 1471-2458