Table 1 Socio-demographic characteristics of the study population, overall and by maternal depression status
Maternal characteristic | Total sample (n = 384) | No maternal depression (n = 216) | Maternal depression (n = 168) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Frequency (%)/Mean (±SD) | Frequency (%)/Mean (±SD) | Frequency (%)/Mean (±SD) | ||
Mean age, years | 27.9 (±8.2) | 30.6 (±8.1) | 28.6 (±8.3) | 0.020 |
Age group, years | 0.307 | |||
<20 | 35 (9.1) | 15 (6.9) | 20 (11.9) | |
20–24 | 82 (21.4) | 42 (19.4) | 40 (23.8) | |
25–29 | 76 (19.8) | 41 (19.0) | 35 (20.8) | |
30–34 | 64 (16.7) | 40 (18.5) | 24 (14.3) | |
35–39 | 53 (13.8) | 32 (14.8) | 21 (12.5) | |
40+ | 74 (19.3) | 46 (21.3) | 28 (16.7) | |
Education | 0.819 | |||
No education | 249 (64.8) | 139 (64.4) | 110 (65.5) | |
Some education | 135 (35.2) | 77 (35.6) | 58 (34.5) | |
Marital status | 0.001 | |||
Married | 312 (81.3) | 188 (87.0) | 124 (73.8) | |
Currently unmarried | 72 (18.8) | 28 (13.0) | 44 (26.2) | |
Ethnicity | 0.698 | |||
Dagomba | 341 (88.8) | 193 (89.4) | 148 (88.1) | |
Other tribes | 43 (11.2) | 23 (10.6) | 20 (11.9) | |
Religion | 0.868 | |||
Islam | 362 (94.3) | 204 (94.4) | 158 (94.0) | |
Other religions | 22 (5.7) | 12 (5.6) | 10 (6.0) | |
Household wealth tertile | <0.001 | |||
Poorest | 128 (33.3) | 40 (18.5) | 88 (52.4) | |
Medium | 128 (33.3) | 67 (31.0) | 61 (36.3) | |
Richest | 128 (33.3) | 109 (50.5) | 19 (11.3) | |
Child characteristic | ||||
Mean age, months | 19.5 (±16.1) | 18.7 (±15.7) | 20.7 (±16.5) | 0.215 |
Age, months | 0.070 | |||
0–5 | 84 (21.9) | 56 (25.9) | 28 (16.7) | |
6–23 | 173 (45.1) | 89 (41.2) | 84 (50.0) | |
24–59 | 127 (33.1) | 71 (32.9) | 56 (33.3) | |
Sex | 0.728 | |||
Female | 189 (49.2) | 108 (50.0) | 81 (48.2) | |
Male | 195 (50.8) | 108 (50.0) | 87 (51.8) | |
Mean Birth weight, kg | 2.7 (±0.40) | 2.9 (±0.40) | 2.6 (±0.30) | <0.001 |
Birth weight, kg | <0.001 | |||
<2.5 | 79 (20.6) | 25 (11.6) | 54 (32.1) | |
≥2.5 | 305 (79.4) | 191 (88.4) | 114 (67.9) | |