Table 1 Health, Education, and Demographic Characteristics of Prisoners Stratified by Gender (Men: n = 10,493; Women: n = 2,797)

Mean Health Count (se)

.59 (.01)

.97 (.02)

< .001

Hypertension

2197 (21.2)

649 (23.6)

< .009

1.16

1.04, 1.29

Heart Problems

964 (9.3)

317 (11.5)

< .001

1.32

1.14, 1.51

Diabetes

448 (4.3)

190 (6.9)

< .001

1.75

1.45, 2.11

Asthma

1495 (14.4)

620 (22.5)

< .001

1.78

1.60, 1.99

Kidney Problems

592 (5.7)

323 (11.7)

< .001

2.29

1.97, 2.65

Arthritis

1603 (15.5)

682 (24.8)

< .001

2.06

1.83, 2.32

Stroke

475 (4.6)

151 (5.5)

< .053

1.34

1.02, 1.76

Cancer

181 (1.8)

278 (10.1)

< .001

5.69

3.71, 8.73

Cirrhosis

175 (1.7)

49 (1.8)

< .746

1.48

0.97, 2.27

Hepatitis

972 (9.4)

432 (15.7)

< .001

2.20

1.85, 2.61

STI

1226 (11.8)

484 (17.6)

< .001

3.00

2.08, 4.31

 Mean Years (se)

10.4 (.02)

10.7 (.05)

< .001

 Less than GED

4334 (41.7)

1150 (41.4)

< .766

0.97

0.89, 1.06

 GED

2615 (26.1)

555 (20.0)

< .001

0.74

0.66,0 .82

 High School Diploma

2274 (21.9)

606 (21.8)

< .936

1.00

0.90, 1.12

 Some College

816 (7.8)

328 (11.8)

< .001

1.60

1.39, 1.85

 College

363 (3.5)

142 (5.1)

< .001

1.53

1.24, 1.90

Mean Age (se)

35.3 (.10)

35.6 (.17)

< .203

 White

3901 (37.2)

1261 (45.1)

< .001

1.47

1.35, 1.61

 Black

4652 (44.3)

998 (35.7)

< .001

0.67

0.61, 0.74

 Latino

1369 (13.1)

352 (12.6)

<.518

0.87

0.77, 0.99

 Other

571 (5.4)

186 (6.7)

< .014

1.31

1.09, 1.57

Employed Prior

7402 (71.0)

1586 (57.2)

< .001

0.55

0.50, 0.60

 Never Married

6134 (58.9)

1261 (45.2)

< .001

0.58

0.53, 0.63

 Married

1576 (15.1)

505 (18.1)

< .001

1.24

1.11, 1.40

 Widowed/Divorced/Separated

2762 (26.4)

1026 (36.8)

< .001

1.64

1.49, 1.80

Mean Time Served (se)

4.6 (.06)

2.5 (.07)

< .001

First Time Incarcerated

4796 (46.4)

1629 (59.0)

< .001

1.67

1.53, 1.83