Household, psychosocial, and individual-level factors associated with fruit, vegetable, and fiber intake among low-income urban African American youth

Table 3 Youth determinants of fruit and vegetable consumption among low-income AA youth^a,b

Youth food behavior determinants	Quartile of fruit (Servings)	Quartile of vegetable (Servings)	Quartile of fiber intake (grams)
Youth food behavior determinants	OR (95 % CI)	OR (95 % CI)	OR (95 % CI)
Youth food purchasing frequency^c
Supermarket	1.08 (0.92; 1.28)	1.26 1.06; 1.50)**	1.28 (1.03; 1.58)*
Corner Store	1.04 (0.98; 1.10)	0.97 (0.92; 1.03)	1.01 (0.93; 1.08)
Convenience Store	1.03 (0.85; 1.25)	1.17 (0.95; 1.43)	1.22 (0.94; 1.59)
Fast Food	1.06 (0.93; 1.22)	1.11 (0.98; 1.26)	1.15 (0.95; 1.40)
Food Assistance^d
Breakfast at school	1.95 (0.92; 4.12)	1.14 (0.55; 2.38)	2.75 (1.10; 6.90)*
Lunch at school	1.24 (0.53; 2.89)	0.68 (0.31; 1.48)	1.33 (0.51; 3.51)
Youth Food Preparation Scale^g	1.16 (0.69; 1.94)	1.21 (0.73; 1.99)	1.01 (0.55; 1.83)
Household food purchasing frequency^e
Supermarket	0.99 (0.93; 1.04)	0.99 (.94; 1.05)	0.96 (0.91; 1.03)
Corner Store	0.96 (0.92; 1.01)	0.97 (0.93; 1.02)	0.99 (0.93; 1.04)
Convenience Store	1.01 (0.95; 1.07)	1.00 (0.94; 1.05)	1.01 (0.94; 1.08)
Fast Food	1.00 (0.94; 1.06)	0.93 (0.88; 0.99)*	1.05 (0.97; 1.13)
Food Assistance^f
WIC	1.58 (0.88; 2.86)	0.78 (0.44; 1.40)	1.04 (0.53; 2.04)
SNAP	0.84 (0.42; 1.65)	1.50 (0.79; 2.85)	0.64 (0.29; 1.39)
Household Food Preparation Score^h	1.09 (0.83; 1.42)	1.07 (0.83; 1.38)	0.99 (0.72; 1.36)

*p-value <0.05; **p-value < 0.01
^aOrdered Logit Regression Analysis on fruit, vegetable and dietary fiber
^bControlled for youth’s age, sex, BMI (percentile), youth calorie intake, and estimated poverty threshold to income ratio
^cTotal frequency of youth’s purchase in the past 7 days (mean; min-max): supermarket (0.9; 0–29); corner store (3.3; 0–38); convenience store (0.61; 0–11); fast-food (1.5; 0–16)
^dFree or discounted meal at school: reference (no breakfast at school, or no school meal at school)
^eTotal frequency of caregiver’s purchase in the past 30 days (mean; min-max): supermarket (3.8; 0–14); corner store (3.8; 0–29); convenience store (2.05; 0–28); fast-food (3.48; 0–25)
^fFood assistance: reference = non-WIC or non-SNAP participants
^gYouth Food Preparation Scale range from −1 to 1. (Mean 0.5 (SD 0.64)
^hHousehold Food Preparation Scale range from −1 to +2 (Mean −0.05; SD 0.9)

ISSN: 1471-2458