Table 2 Descriptive statistics for men and women in 1999 and in 2013. Percentages
Variable | Categories | 1999 | 2013 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Men (n = 1717a) | Women (n = 1779a) | Men (n = 2061a) | Women (n = 2063a) | ||
Job position | Unskilled manual worker | 7.9 | 7.8 | 6.2 | 5.0 |
Skilled manual worker | 16.7 | 11.7 | 17.3 | 17.0 | |
Chief executive | 4.7 | 2.9 | 5.3 | 3.0 | |
Skilled, non-manual, leader | 14.4 | 6.1 | 13.5 | 7.3 | |
Middle manager | 8.9 | 12.5 | 9.9 | 12.9 | |
Manager owner | 6.9 | 3.4 | 7.3 | 3.9 | |
Student/apprentice | 10.8 | 11.2 | 12.2 | 12.1 | |
Unemployed b | 1.0 | 1.1 | 1.3 | 1.4 | |
Retirement pensioner | 14.3 | 17.7 | 14.3 | 16.0 | |
Benefit recipient | 5.1 | 9.4 | 3.8 | 6.3 | |
Married and not employed | 0.3 | 1.7 | 0.4 | 1.1 | |
Other | 9.2 | 14.5 | 8.4 | 13.9 | |
Type of housing and ownership | Own a house, single unit | 56.0 | 54.2 | 57.9 | 56.2 |
Own a 2–4 family house or row house | 14.2 | 14.8 | 15.0 | 13.5 | |
Own a flat or bedsit | 11.2 | 12.2 | 12.6 | 15.3 | |
Own other type of home | 1.6 | 2.4 | 1.0 | 1.3 | |
Rent a house, single unit | 5.2 | 5.4 | 2.9 | 3.4 | |
Rent a 2–4 family house or row house | 4.1 | 3.9 | 2.7 | 1.5 | |
Rent a flat or bedsit | 5.5 | 5.1 | 6.7 | 7.2 | |
Rent other type of home | 2.2 | 2.1 | 1.1 | 1.7 | |
Social network | No membership, never meeting friends | 2.6 | 2.4 | 3.1 | 1.8 |
No membership, meeting friends less than weekly | 19.3 | 22.8 | 20.3 | 22.2 | |
No membership, meeting friends at least weekly | 23.9 | 31.3 | 22.0 | 25.2 | |
1 membership, never meeting friends | 2.2 | 1.0 | 1.8 | 1.0 | |
1 membership, meeting friends less than weekly | 13.7 | 11.6 | 16.6 | 13.4 | |
1 membership, meeting friends at least weekly | 23.5 | 19.5 | 18.1 | 18.9 | |
2 memberships or more, never meeting friends | 0.5 | 0.1 | 0.4 | 0.3 | |
2 memberships or more, meeting friends less than weekly | 6.4 | 4.1 | 8.2 | 8.0 | |
2 memberships or more, meeting friends at least weekly | 7.9 | 7.2 | 9.5 | 9.2 | |
Personal economic situation | My/our income is not adequate | 4.9 | 7.2 | 3.5 | 3.1 |
I/we need to use my/our savings | 4.2 | 7.6 | 3.7 | 5.4 | |
I/we just manage | 37.5 | 42.4 | 25.4 | 27.0 | |
I/we manage and can save some money | 45.0 | 37.9 | 52.6 | 51.9 | |
I/we manage and can save quite a bit | 7.0 | 3.7 | 16.3 | 12.0 | |
Don’t know | 1.4 | 1.3 | 0.8 | 0.5 | |
Education | Elementary school (7–9 years) | 6.2 | 9.2 | 2.8 | 2.0 |
Lower secondary/comprehensive school (9–10 years) | 16.9 | 16.8 | 9.3 | 9.4 | |
Upper secondary/high school (12–13 years) | 38.9 | 39.3 | 30.7 | 28.5 | |
College/university (14+ years) | 38.0 | 34.7 | 57.3 | 60.1 | |
General, self-rated health | Very good | 20.9 | 20.9 | 27.7 | 26.0 |
Good | 46.8 | 44.5 | 45.6 | 47.0 | |
Moderate | 27.1 | 27.6 | 21.4 | 20.7 | |
Poor | 4.7 | 6.6 | 5.0 | 5.8 | |
Very poor | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.2 | 0.5 | |
Fruit and vegetable intake | Seldom/never | 5.7 | 3.1 | 4.4 | 1.9 |
1–2 times per week | 4.5 | 2.2 | 2.9 | 1.2 | |
3–6 times per week | 17.4 | 9.7 | 14.9 | 9.0 | |
At least daily | 72.4 | 84.9 | 77.7 | 87.9 | |
Fast food intake | Seldom/never | 5.2 | 9.6 | 2.4 | 7.1 |
Less than weekly | 76.4 | 83.6 | 86.9 | 90.0 | |
1–4 times per week | 17.2 | 6.8 | 10.2 | 2.8 | |
5 times or more per week | 1.2 | 0.1 | 0.4 | 0.0 | |
Drinking alcoholic drinks | Often | 21.1 | 10.8 | 25.9 | 19.0 |
Now and then | 49.9 | 49.7 | 48.3 | 45.0 | |
Seldom | 21.1 | 29.7 | 18.3 | 26.9 | |
Never | 7.9 | 9.8 | 7.5 | 9.1 | |
Exercising | Never | 13.4 | 11.7 | 6.6 | 5.9 |
Less than once each fortnight | 14.4 | 13.3 | 9.5 | 9.0 | |
Once each fortnight | 7.2 | 6.1 | 7.0 | 5.2 | |
Once a week | 16.7 | 17.4 | 14.4 | 14.5 | |
Twice a week | 19.6 | 21.9 | 22.0 | 23.7 | |
3–4 times/week | 18.2 | 18.2 | 27.0 | 26.9 | |
5–6 times/week | 6.3 | 7.0 | 8.7 | 9.9 | |
At least once daily | 4.1 | 4.3 | 4.9 | 4.9 | |
All 10 problems | 0 | 25.6 | 29.7 | 34.0 | 37.3 |
1 | 35.7 | 34.6 | 35.9 | 38.0 | |
2 | 22.6 | 21.6 | 19.9 | 16.6 | |
3 | 10.5 | 10.1 | 7.2 | 6.1 | |
4 | 4.1 | 2.8 | 1.6 | 1.7 | |
5 | 1.2 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 0.3 | |
6 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 0.0 | |
7 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
8 c | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |