Table 3 Baseline demographic characteristics of study participants by sex (percentages unless otherwise indicated)
Sample size | Males | Females | Total | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1920 | 2043 | 3963 | ||||
% (or mean) | 95 % CI | % (or mean) | 95 % CI | % (or mean) | 95 % CI | |
Mean age in years | 26.1 | 25.8–26.4 | 26.8 | 26.5–27.1 | 26.5 | 26.3–26.7 |
Age groups | ||||||
18–24 | 51.0 | 48.7–53.2 | 44.8 | 42.7–47.0 | 47.8 | 46.3–49.4 |
25–29 | 22.4 | 20.5–24.3 | 23.8 | 22.0–25.7 | 23.1 | 21.8–24.5 |
30–34 | 13.6 | 12.1–15.3 | 17.2 | 15.6–18.9 | 15.5 | 14.4–16.7 |
35–39 | 7.9 | 6.7–9.2 | 9.3 | 8.0–10.6 | 8.6 | 7.7–9.5 |
40+ | 5.1 | 4.1–6.1 | 4.8 | 4.0–5.9 | 4.9 | 4.3–5.7 |
Currently attending school | ||||||
No | 71.3 | 69.2–73.3 | 86.1 | 84.6–87.6 | 78.9 | 77.6–80.2 |
Yes | 28.7 | 26.7–30.8 | 13.9 | 12.4–15.4 | 21.1 | 19.8–22.4 |
Mean grade completed | 10.4 | 10.2–10.5 | 8.0 | 7.8–8.2 | 9.2 | 9.0 –9.3 |
Marital status | ||||||
Never married | 58.9 | 56.6–61.1 | 23.7 | 21.9–25.6 | 40.7 | 39.2–42.3 |
Currently married/living with partner | 31.1 | 29.1–33.3 | 63.8 | 61.7–65.9 | 48.0 | 46.4–49.6 |
Divorced/separated/widowed | 10.0 | 8.7–11.4 | 12.5 | 11.1–14.0 | 11.3 | 10.3–12.3 |
Among unmarried, has regular sexual partnera | ||||||
No | 33.6 | 31.0–36.2 | 29.6 | 26.3–33.0 | 32.2 | 30.1–34.2 |
Yes | 66.4 | 63.8–69.0 | 70.4 | 67.0–73.7 | 67.8 | 65.8–69.9 |
Mean number of biological children | 1.0 | 1.0–1.1 | 2.5 | 2.4–2.6 | 1.8 | 1.7–1.8 |
Residence | ||||||
Urban | 93.2 | 92.0–94.3 | 95.4 | 94.5–96.3 | 94.4 | 93.6–95.1 |
Rural | 6.8 | 5.7–8.0 | 4.6 | 3.7–5.5 | 5.6 | 4.9–6.4 |
Tribe | ||||||
Lozi | 3.2 | 2.5–4.1 | 3.5 | 2.7–4.4 | 3.4 | 2.8–4.0 |
Ngoni | 28.5 | 26.5–30.6 | 32.7 | 30.6–34.7 | 30.6 | 29.2–32.1 |
Tonga | 5.5 | 4.5–6.6 | 5.4 | 4.4–6.5 | 5.4 | 4.7–6.2 |
Bemba | 13.5 | 12.0–15.1 | 14.2 | 12.7–15.7 | 13.8 | 12.8–14.9 |
Other | 49.3 | 47.1–51.6 | 44.3 | 42.1–46.5 | 46.7 | 45.2–48.3 |
Religion | ||||||
Catholic | 21.3 | 19.5–23.2 | 17.0 | 15.4–18.7 | 19.1 | 17.9–20.3 |
Christian | 72.9 | 70.9–74.9 | 78.9 | 77.1–80.7 | 76.0 | 74.6–77.3 |
Other | 5.8 | 4.8–6.9 | 4.1 | 3.3–5.1 | 4.9 | 4.3–5.6 |
Employment status | ||||||
Not working | 43.6 | 41.4–45.9 | 63.8 | 61.7–65.9 | 54.0 | 52.5–55.6 |
Currently working | 56.4 | 54.1–58.6 | 36.2 | 34.1–38.3 | 46.0 | 44.4–47.5 |
Mean number of household assets (0–15) | 8.3 | 8.1–8.4 | 7.1 | 7.0–7.3 | 7.7 | 7.6–7.8 |
Household assets | ||||||
Lowest quintile | 16.4 | 14.8–18.1 | 28.0 | 26.1–30.0 | 22.4 | 21.1–23.7 |
Middle quintiles | 69.1 | 67.0–71.2 | 64.1 | 61.9–66.2 | 66.5 | 65.0–68.0 |
Highest quintile | 14.5 | 12.9–16.1 | 7.9 | 6.7–9.1 | 11.1 | 10.1–12.1 |
Has own mobile phone | ||||||
No | 12.4 | 11.0–14.0 | 21.4 | 19.6–23.2 | 17.1 | 15.9–18.3 |
Yes | 87.6 | 86.0–89.0 | 78.6 | 76.8–80.4 | 82.9 | 81.7–84.1 |
Type of water source | ||||||
Piped | 81.9 | 80.1–83.6 | 79.9 | 78.1–81.6 | 80.9 | 79.6–82.1 |
Well/Spring | 8.9 | 7.7–10.3 | 9.5 | 8.3–10.9 | 9.2 | 8.3–10.2 |
Borehole | 8.9 | 7.7–10.3 | 9.6 | 8.4–11.0 | 9.3 | 8.4–10.2 |
Other | 0.3 | 0.1–0.7 | 1.0 | 0.6–1.5 | 0.7 | 0.4–1.0 |
Mean time to water source (minutes) | 2.7 | 2.4–3.0 | 3.0 | 2.7–3.4 | 2.9 | 2.6–3.1 |
Type of transport to health facility | ||||||
Walking | 60.6 | 58.4–62.8 | 59.7 | 57.5–61.8 | 60.1 | 58.6–61.7 |
Bicycle | 5.9 | 4.9–7.0 | 2.3 | 1.7–3.1 | 4.0 | 3.5–4.7 |
Bus | 30.6 | 28.5–32.7 | 37.0 | 34.9–39.1 | 33.9 | 32.4–35.4 |
Car/Taxi | 2.9 | 2.2–3.8 | 1.1 | 0.7–1.6 | 2.0 | 1.6–2.5 |
Mean distance to health facilityb | 4.7 | 4.3–5.1 | 2.7 | 2.4–3.0 | 3.8 | 3.5–4.1 |