Skip to main content

Table 3 Descriptive and independent bivariate analysis of barriers to DPA with overall implementation fidelity, school and classroom levels

From: Evaluation of Daily Physical Activity (DPA) policy implementation in Ontario: surveys of elementary school administrators and teachers

Barrier

Overall % school administratorsa (n)b

Bivariate associations at school levelc

Overall % Teachersa (n)b

Bivariate associations at classroom leveld

OR (95 % CI)

p-value

OR (95 % CI)

p-value

Competing curriculum priorities

      

 Disagree/strongly disagree

15.1 (30)

3.63 (1.31–10.02)

0.013

12.2 (35)

5.54 (2.29–13.38)

<0.0005

 Neutral

8.5 (17)

2.46 (0.77–7.88)

0.131

9.4 (27)

2.71 (1.14–6.41)

0.024

 Agree/strongly agree

76.4 (152)

R

R

78.5 (226)

R

R

Lack of time

      

 Disagree/strongly disagree

26.7 (54)

5.75 (2.51–13.19)

<0.0005

14.7 (43)

7.23 (3.02–17.31)

<0.0005

 Neutral

11.9 (24)

2.00 (0.80–5.02)

0.140

6.5 (19)

2.58 (0.95–7.03)

0.064

 Agree/strongly agree

61.4 (124)

R

R

78.8 (230)

R

R

Lack of teacher readiness

      

 Disagree/strongly disagree

32.8 (66)

4.22 (2.00–8.90)

<0.0005

38.2 (108)

2.16 (1.25–3.73)

0.006

 Neutral

19.9 (40)

1.034 (0.49–2.18)

0.925

20.8 (59)

0.97 (0.50–1.86)

0.923

 Agree/strongly agree

47.3 (95)

R

R

41.0 (116)

R

R

Lack of space

      

 Disagree/strongly disagree

58.4 (118)

2.43 (1.29–4.58)

0.006

23.8 (69)

3.15 (1.72–5.74)

<0.0005

 Neutral

10.4 (21)

1.30 (0.47–3.59)

0.608

13.1 (38)

1.72 (0.83–3.57)

0.146

 Agree/strongly agree

31.2 (63)

R

R

63.1 (183)

R

R

Bad weather

      

 Disagree/strongly disagree

49.8 (101)

2.13 (1.11–4.09)

0.023

38.7 (111)

3.03 (1.70–5.42)

<0.0005

 Neutral

19.7 (40)

2.07 (0.90–4.76)

0.088

25.8 (74)

1.17 (0.62–2.21)

0.629

 Agree/strongly agree

30.5 (62)

R

R

35.5 (102)

R

R

Students’ reluctance to participate

      

 Disagree/strongly disagree

55.0 (111)

0.93 (0.48–1.82)

0.833

51.4 (146)

1.56 (0.90–2.71)

0.113

 Neutral

17.8 (36)

0.88 (0.37–2.11)

0.779

17.3 (49)

0.87 (0.42–1.82)

0.711

 Agree/strongly agree

27.2 (55)

R

R

31.3 (89)

R

R

Lack of equipment

      

 Disagree/strongly disagree

68.0 (138)

1.82 (0.85–3.87)

0.122

41.4 (120)

2.39 (1.41–4.04)

0.001

 Neutral

14.8 (30)

1.64 (0.60–4.48)

0.338

15.9 (46)

1.09 (0.54–2.21)

0.814

 Agree/strongly agree

17.2 (35)

R

R

42.8 (124)

R

R

Lack of resources

      

 Disagree/strongly disagree

59.2 (119)

1.85 (0.83–4.12)

0.131

38.7 (111)

3.73 (2.08–6.69)

<0.0005

 Neutral

25.4 (51)

1.36 (0.55–3.36)

0.507

23.7 (68)

0.94 (0.49–1.81)

0.855

 Agree/strongly agree

15.4 (31)

R

R

37.6 (108)

R

R

Lack of school board support

      

 Disagree/strongly disagree

48.0 (96)

2.11 (0.89–4.99)

0.091

31.7 (91)

4.19 (2.24–7.83)

<0.0005

 Neutral

38.0 (76)

1.02 (0.43–2.44)

0.965

34.1 (98)

1.66 (0.92–2.98)

0.093

 Agree/strongly agree

14.0 (28)

R

R

34.1 (98)

R

R

Lack of amenities

      

 Disagree/strongly disagree

72.0 (144)

1.70 (0.73–3.94)

0.217

56.3 (162)

3.22 (1.67–6.22)

0.001

 Neutral

15.0 (30)

1.64 (0.56 – 4.79)

0.369

23.3 (67)

1.62 (0.76–3.48)

0.214

 Agree/strongly agree

13.0 (26)

R

R

20.5 (59)

R

R

Lack of parent/guardian support

      

 Disagree/strongly disagree

60.2 (118)

1.95 (0.75–5.07)

0.171

50.7 (142)

1.28 (0.64–2.55)

0.483

 Neutral

29.6 (58)

1.24 (0.45–2.45)

0.680

32.9 (92)

0.64 (0.30–1.33)

0.227

 Agree/strongly agree

10.2 (20)

R

R

16.4 (46)

R

R

  1. aPercentage totals may not equal 100 % due to rounding
  2. bCount totals (n) may not equal total sample (n = 209 for school administrators; n = 307 for teachers), and differ between variables, due to missing values
  3. cBivariate analysis at school level conducted using logistic regression
  4. dBivariate analysis at classroom level conducted using generalized linear mixed models to adjust for school-level clustering effects
  5. RReference category