Table 2 Student- and school-level characteristics
Student-level variables (Level 1) | N a (%)b (N = 3,706) |
Socio-demographic characteristics | |
Age group, years | |
7 to 10 | 159 (4.3) |
11 to 14 | 3,011 (81.4) |
15 to 18 | 531 (14.4) |
Female sex | 1,937 (52.3) |
Meals eaten yesterday | |
3+ | 1,743 (47.0) |
2 | 1,443 (39.0) |
1 or no meal | 519 (14.0) |
School year attended | |
Primary 5 | 1,452 (39.2) |
Primary 6 | 1,327 (35.8) |
Primary 7 | 927 (25.0) |
Disability | 271 (7.3) |
Violence | |
Violence school staff past week | 2,057 (55.5) |
Violence school staff >12 months | 3,097 (83.6) |
Violence peers past week | 782 (21.1) |
Violence peers >12 months | 999 (27.0) |
Violence relatives past week | 223 (6.0) |
Violence relatives >12 months | 763 (20.6) |
Participation in school life | |
Involvement in making up rules | 1,704 (46.3) |
Consideration of students’ views | |
All the time | 1,189 (32.9) |
Most of the time | 1,073 (29.7) |
Sometimes | 937 (25.9) |
Never | 414 (11.5) |
Connectedness | |
School connectedness | |
High | 859 (23.3) |
Medium | 1,524 (41.4) |
Low | 1,303 (35.4) |
Connectedness to peers | |
All the time | 1,799 (48.6) |
Most of the time | 1,112 (30.1) |
Sometimes | 676 (18.3) |
Never | 112 (3.0) |
Mental health | |
SDQ categorical | |
Normal | 2,938 (79.3) |
Borderline/abnormal | 768 (20.7) |
SDQ - Total Difficulties Score, median (range) | 8 (0, 30) |
School-level variables (Level 2) | N a (%)b (N = 42) |
School size, median (range) | 135.5 (73, 734) |
School location | |
Rural | 27 (64.3) |
Urban | 15 (35.7) |