Potential health gains and health losses in eleven EU countries attainable through feasible prevalences of the life-style related risk factors alcohol, BMI, and smoking: a quantitative health impact assessment

Table 3 Comparison of worst practice risk-factor exposure and reference scenario across all countries^a. Difference in disease cases by disease and by persons with at least one disease in projection year ten and cumulative number of lives lost as calculated by the difference in individuals alive between the scenarios by sex and risk-factor

	Males			Females
	Alcohol	BMI	Smoking	Alcohol	BMI	Smoking
Breast cancer	n/a	n/a	n/a	83,450	27,250	−47,750
Colorectal cancer	42,150	19,450	−19,500	18,650	3,300	−15,650
COPD	−2,200	−2,850	250,600	−1,500	−3,400	824,450
Diabetes	92,100	619,850	−98,100	14,600	724,800	−103,550
Esophageal cancer	8,500	−100	9,900	1,200	−50	9,800
IHD	65,000	183,750	215,100	3,800	176,450	540,600
Lung cancer	−300	−13,750	111,800	−50	−6,100	119,450
Oral cancer	60,950	−12,700	85,350	15,300	−4,050	357,50
Stroke	99,600	79,450	307,800	117,000	103,750	443,950
At least one of the above diseases	274,000	681,850	537,500	188,300	771,000	1,190,300
Lives lost^b	110,250	68,500	609,400	69,550	138,950	710,550

^aWithout data for Poland to allow comparison
^bCalculated as the difference in population size between the respective scenario if migration is zero and number of birth

ISSN: 1471-2458