Table 3 Univariate predictors of a positive treatment outcome (ie non-problem drinking according to the AUDIT-C cut-offs) at 12-month follow-up and treatment retention
Client characteristic at treatment admission | Non-problem drinking at 12-month follow-up OR (95 % CI) | Treatment retention OR (95 % CI) |
|---|---|---|
Sex | ||
Male (Ref.) | ||
Female | 0.93 (0.64–1.35) | 0.83 (0.61–1.11) |
Age in years | 1.02 (1.01–1.04)** | 1.02 (1.00–1.03)** |
Nationality | ||
Swiss (Ref.) | ||
Other | 1.69 (0.91–3.14) | 0.91 (0.60–1.38) |
Educational level | ||
Low (Ref.) | ||
Medium | 1.20 (0.68–2.12) | 1.01 (0.65–1.57) |
High | 0.47 (0.24–0.91)* | 1.29 (0.77–2.18) |
Means of subsistence | ||
Own income (Ref.) | ||
Savings or pension | 0.68 (0.42–1.13) | 0.62 (0.41–0.92)* |
Social welfare | 1.24 (0.75–2.06) | 0.43 (0.30–0.63)** |
Partner or family members | 0.71 (0.35–1.43) | 0.92 (0.53–1.59) |
Partnership status | ||
No or temporary partnership (Ref.) | ||
Stable, living apart | 1.34 (0.71–2.56) | 0.95 (0.59–1.51) |
Stable, living together | 1.29 (0.88–1.91) | 1.63 (1.19–2.23)** |
Children living in the household | ||
No (Ref.) | ||
Yes | 1.01 (0.62–1.67) | 1.09 (0.71–1.65) |
Self-rated general health | ||
Excellent/very good (Ref.) | ||
Good | 0.58 (0.38–0.89)* | 0.58 (0.42–0.81)** |
Poor | 0.67 (0.41–1.10) | 0.52 (0.35–0.77)** |
Life satisfaction (score 10–40) | 1.07 (1.04–1.11)** | 1.09 (1.07–1.12)** |
Problem drinking according to AUDIT-C cut-offs | ||
No (Ref.) | ||
Yes | 0.18 (0.11–0.28)** | 0.66 (0.48–0.90)** |
Drinking goal | ||
Abstinence (Ref.) | ||
I do not want to restrict myself | 0.43 (0.09–1.98) | 2.50 (0.50–12.58) |
Controlled drinking | 0.23 (0.16–0.35)** | 1.04 (0.76–1.40) |
Have not yet decided | 0.35 (0.18–0.70)** | 0.69 (0.41–1.18) |
Admission to respective alcohol treatment centre | ||
First admission (Ref.) | ||
Second or further admission | 0.58 (0.40-0.86)** | 0.71 (0.52–0.97)* |
Treatment assignment | ||
Own initiative (Ref.) | ||
Partner, family, or friends | 2.46 (1.37–4.44)** | 0.88 (0.55–1.41) |
Health institution | 2.08 (1.34–3.24)** | 1.00 (0.71–1.43) |
Social service | 1.23 (0.47–3.25) | 0.49 (0.25–0.98)* |
Judge | 4.07 (2.05–8.09)** | 2.55 (1.50–4.32)** |
Employer or teacher | 3.29 (1.23–8.77)* | 1.85 (0.81–4.22) |
Aftercare following alcohol withdrawal treatment | ||
No (Ref.) | ||
Yes | 1.58 (0.94–2.64) | 0.65 (0.44–0.96)* |