Variable | Mean (sd) | Min-max |
---|
Level-1 (individual) |
Maternal age | 29.8 (5.60) | 11 – 55 |
Nulliparous | 0.45 (0.50) | 0 – 1 |
Drug/Alcohol flag | 0.02 (0.15) | 0 – 1 |
Cigarettes/day | 0.79 (2.91) | 0 – 20 |
Fall/Winter season | 0.48 (0.50) | 0 – 1 |
Level-2 (DA) Variables |
SESi | -0.08 (0.58) | -2.22 – 1.18 |
Education | 0.50 (0.12) | 0 – 0.95 |
Immigrant density | 0.16 (0.19) | 0 – 0.86 |
PM2.5
| 7.30 (0.86) | 4.41 – 10.23 |
Rural address | 0.11 (0.32) | 0 – 1 |
- # values shown are unstandardized, non-centered; Nulliparous: patient has never delivered a baby of at least 500 g birth weight or at least 20 weeks gestation in a previous pregnancy; Drug or Alcohol Flag: physician indicated use of drugs (prescription, non-prescription, illicit) or alcohol as risk factor in pregnancy; Cigarettes/day: number of cigarettes smoked daily at 1st prenatal visit (self-reported); Fall/Winter Season: month or birth between September to February; SESi: socioeconomic status index; Education: proportion of population over 15 with any post-secondary education (trade, college, university); Immigrant Density: proportion of the population identified as immigrant status from continental Asia; PM2.5: Particulate Matter less than 2.5 μm; Rural: those having a rural residential address