The contribution of travel-related urban zones, cycling and pedestrian networks and green space to commuting physical activity among adults – a cross-sectional population-based study using geographical information systems

Table 2 Characteristics of the study population by commuting physical activity (n = 2 098)*

	Commuting physical activity
	n	Inactive (n = 1234)	Active (n = 855)	p-value
Age groups		%	%	<0.05
30–44	783	61	39
45–54	727	62	38
55–64	579	54	46
Gender				<0.001
Men	955	66	34
Women	1134	53	47
Education				<0.01
Low	197	58	42
Middle	752	65	35
High	1140	56	44
Leisure-time physical activity				<0.001
reading, watching TV, and other minor activities	535	71	29
walking and cycling more than 4 h per week	1023	53	47
exercise at least 3 h per week	486	59	41
practice competitive sports several times per week	45	55	45
Occupational physical activity				0.05
physically active job	1064	62	38
physically inactive job	949	57	43
Proportion of green space^a (%)				<0.001
0	1234	65	35
1–24.9	291	44	56
25–49.9	510	54	46
50+	54	66	33
Distance to green space^b (in metres)				<0.05
0–199	924	61	38
200+	1165	55	45
Travel-related urban zones^c				<0.001
car-oriented zone	1065	64	35
public transport zone	577	53	47
pedestrian zone	130	45	55
pedestrian zone of a sub centre	317	34	66
Proportion (%) cycling and pedestrian networks^d				<0.001
No cycling or pedestrian networks	1236	65	35
Other roads that allow cycling and walking	71	73	27
Cycling and pedestrian lanes <30 %	235	53	47
Cycling and pedestrian lanes 30–50 %	347	51	49
Cycling and pedestrian lanes >50 %	200	43	57

* ‘Active’ include those who engage physical activity while commuting; while ‘inactive’ include those who use public transport or car to commute
a: Proportion of green space (min 1.5 ha) around 500-metre buffer from home location, Corine Land Cover 2006
b: Euclidean distance (in metres) to the closest green space (min 1.5 ha), Corine Land Cover 2006
c: The main travel-related urban zone around 500-metre buffer from home location, Travel-related urban zones 2010
d: Proportion of cycling and pedestrian lanes from all roads around 500-metre buffer from home location, Digiroad 2014
Distribution of the examined variable (n), survey prevalence (%) and Pearson p-value from group differences in commuting physical activity (p-value)

ISSN: 1471-2458