Table 1 Cohort characteristics

Gender, n (%)

0.070

 Female

516 (74.78)

320 (79.60)

 Male

174 (25.22)

82 (20.40)

Age in years, mean (± SD)

40.2 (9.71)

39.8 (9.09)

0.498

Receiving HAART, n (%)

<0.001

 Yes

291 (42.17)

239 (59.45)

 No

399 (57.83)

163 (40.55)

Years since diagnosis, mean (± SD)

2.04 (2.72)

3.05 (2.73)

<0.001

Religion, n (%)

0.751

 Christian

590 (85.51)

345 (85.82)

 Moslem

87 (12.61)

50 (12.44)

 Traditional African religion

2 (0.18)

0 (0)

 Other

11 (1.59)

7 (1.74)

Educational level, n (%)

0.056

 No formal education

130 (18.84)

82 (20.4)

 Primary education

97 (14.06)

82 (20.4)

 Junior High School

321 (46.52)

168 (41.79)

 Senior High School

103 (14.93)

52 (12.94)

 Tertiary education

39 (5.65)

18 (4.48)

Occupation, n (%)

0.468

 Housewife

14 (2.03)

4 (1.0)

 Farmer

58 (8.41)

30 (7.46)

 Trader

347 (50.29)

225 (55.97)

 Salary worker

44 (6.38)

21 (5.22)

 Others

141 (20.43)

75 (18.66)

 Currently unemployed

86 (12.46)

47 (11.69)

Access to tap water, n (%)

0.647

 Yes

366 (53.04)

219 (54.48)

 No

324 (46.96)

183 (45.52)

Electricity in the household, n (%)

0.676

 Yes

639 (92.61)

375 (93.28)

 No

51 (7.39)

27 (6.27)

Television in the household, n (%)

0.872

 Yes

562 (81.45)

329 (81.84)

 No

128 (18.55)

73 (18.16)

Owning a fridge, n (%)

0.484

 Yes

491 (71.16)

278 (69.15)

 No

199 (28.84)

124 (30.85)

Owning a car, n (%)

0.062

 Yes

54 (7.83)

45 (11.19)

 No

636 (92.17)

357 (88.18)

Using a mosquito bed net, n (%)

<0.001

 Yes

421 (61.01)

192 (47.76)

 No

268 (38.84)

209 (51.99)