Table 1 Characteristics of unintentional water-related fatalities in Canada, 2008–2012, by age group
Characteristica | Age group, No. (%)b | Significance | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
All ages | 0–4 | 5–14 | 15–19 | 20–34 | 35–64 | 65+ | ||
Total | 2391(100) | 98(4.1) | 107(4.5) | 142(5.9) | 592(24.8) | 1033(43.2) | 419(17.5) | |
Sex | P < 0.001 | |||||||
Male | 1967(82.3) | 69(70.4) | 82(76.6) | 117(82.4) | 519(87.7) | 854(82.7) | 326(77.8) | |
Female | 424(17.7) | 29(29.6) | 25(23.4) | 25(17.6) | 73(12.3) | 179(17.3) | 93(22.2) | |
Body of water | P < 0.001 | |||||||
Ocean | 229(9.6) | 1(1.0) | 2(1.9) | 5(3.5) | 41(6.9) | 152(14.7) | 28(6.7) | |
Lake or pond | 923(38.6) | 22(22.4) | 40(37.4) | 71(50.0) | 229(38.7) | 396(38.3) | 165(39.4) | |
Flowing water | 654(27.4) | 8(8.2) | 31(29.0) | 51(35.9) | 218(36.8) | 267(25.8) | 79(18.9) | |
Bathtub | 213(8.9) | 19(19.4) | 5(4.7) | 4(2.8) | 32(5.4) | 85(8.2) | 68(16.2) | |
Pool | 159(6.6) | 41(41.8) | 21(19.6) | 3(2.1) | 16(2.7) | 37(3.6) | 41(9.8) | |
Other | 213(8.9) | 7(7.1) | 8(7.5) | 8(5.6) | 56(9.5) | 96(9.3) | 38(9.1) | |
Urban vs rural | P < 0.05 | |||||||
Urban | 1413(59.1) | 70(71.4) | 68(63.6) | 84(59.2) | 331(55.9) | 589(57.0) | 271(64.7) | |
Rural | 970(40.6) | 28(28.6) | 39(36.4) | 58(40.8) | 258(43.6) | 439(42.5) | 148(35.3) | |
Time of year | P < 0.001 | |||||||
Summer | 1364(57.0) | 64(65.3) | 82(76.6) | 96(67.6) | 364(61.5) | 544(52.7) | 214(51.1) | |
Rest of year | 975(40.8) | 34(34.7) | 25(23.4) | 42(29.6) | 221(37.3) | 456(44.1) | 197(47.0) | |
Type of activity | P < 0.001 | |||||||
Aquatic | 594(24.8) | 8(8.2) | 58(54.2) | 49(34.5) | 185(29.0) | 213(20.6) | 81(19.3) | |
Boating | 633(26.5) | 0 | 11(10.3) | 46(32.4) | 165(24.7) | 308(29.8) | 103(24.6) | |
Transportation | 378(15.8) | 1(1.0) | 12(11.2) | 21(14.8) | 110(22.9) | 185(17.9) | 49(11.7) | |
Non-aquatic | 489(20.5) | 71(72.4) | 20(18.7) | 17(12.0) | 78(12.2) | 197(19.1) | 106(25.3) | |
Bathing | 208(8.7) | 18(18.4) | 5(4.7) | 4(2.8) | 31(6.0) | 81(7.8) | 69(16.5) | |
Purpose of activity | P < 0.001 | |||||||
Recreational | 1476(61.7) | 77(78.6) | 92(86.0) | 109(76.8) | 380(64.2) | 580(56.1) | 238(56.8) | |
Occupational | 125(5.2) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 30(5.1) | 83(8.0) | 12(2.9) | |
Daily living | 603(25.2) | 21(21.4) | 14(13.1) | 26(18.3) | 136(23.0) | 265(25.7) | 141(33.7) | |
Rescue attempt | 40(1.7) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 13(2.2) | 24 (2.3) | 3(0.7) | |
Alcohol involvement | P < 0.001 | |||||||
Alcohol | 889(37.2) | 0 | 2(1.9) | 58(40.8) | 304(51.4) | 437(42.3) | 88(21.0) | |
No alcohol | 1198(50.1) | 91(92.9) | 93(86.9) | 70(49.3) | 231(39.0) | 474(45.9) | 239(57.0) | |
Unknown | 304(12.7) | 7(7.1) | 12(11.2) | 14 (9.9) | 57(9.6) | 122(11.8) | 92(22.0) | |
PFD while boating | P < 0.01 | |||||||
PFD worn | 121(16.4) | 0 | 6(46.2) | 4(8.0) | 21(11.1) | 72(19.2) | 18(16.2) | |
PFD not worn | 485(65.6) | 0 | 7(53.8) | 43(86.0) | 130(68.4) | 231(61.6) | 74(66.7) | |
Unknown | 133(18.0) | 0 | 0 | 3(6.0) | 39(20.5) | 72(19.2) | 19(17.1) | |
Accompaniment | P < 0.001 | |||||||
Alone | 1086(45.4) | 57(58.2) | 14(13.1) | 39(27.5) | 174(29.4) | 511(49.5) | 291(69.5) | |
With others | 1200(50.2) | 37(17.9) | 71(66.4) | 98(69.0) | 401(67.7) | 473(45.8) | 120(28.6) | |
Rescue attempt | P < 0.001 | |||||||
Attempted | 1229(51.4) | 93(94.9) | 85(79.4) | 69(48.6) | 290(49.0) | 496(48.0) | 196(46.8) | |
Not attempted | 1075(45.0) | 5(5.1) | 21(19.6) | 67(47.2) | 267(45.1) | 505(48.9) | 210(50.1) | |