Table 4 Descriptive statistics of participant characteristics
Characteristics | Total | UK | Pakistan |
|---|---|---|---|
Total, N | 32 | 16 | 16 |
Sex, n (%) | |||
Male | 16 (50) | 8 (50) | 8 (50) |
Female | 16 (50) | 8 (50) | 8 (50) |
Current SLT use daily vs. non-daily, n (%) | |||
Daily | 30 (93.8) | 15 (93.8) | 15 (93.8) |
Non- daily | 2 (6.3) | 1 (6.3) | 1 (6.3) |
Current SLT use times per day, mean (SD) | 13.6 (11.7) | 9.56 (9.7) | 17.7 (12.3) |
Type of SLT used, n (%) | |||
Tobacco leaf or tobacco leaf mixture | 11 (34.4) | 8 (50) | 3 (18.8) |
Gutkha or tobacco, betel-nut & catechu mixture | 23 (71.9) | 7 (43.8) | 16 (100) |
Urge to use SLT, n (%) | |||
Not at all | 4 (12.5) | 0 (0) | 4 (25) |
A little of the time | 5 (15.6) | 1 (6.3) | 4 (25) |
Some of the time | 14 (43.8) | 7 (43.8) | 7 (43.8) |
A lot of the time | 6 (18.8) | 5 (31.3) | 1 (6.3) |
Almost all the time | 2 (6.3) | 2 (12.5) | 0 (0) |
All the time | 1 (3.1) | 1 (6.3) | 0 (0) |
Strength of urges for SLT, n (%) | |||
No urges | 4 (12.5) | 0 (0) | 4 (25) |
Slight | 1 (3.1) | 1 (6.3) | 0 (0) |
Moderate | 10 (31.3) | 6 (37.5) | 4 (25) |
Strong | 12 (37.5) | 6 (37.5) | 6 (37.5) |
Very strong | 5 (15.6) | 3 (18.8) | 2 (12.5) |
Extremely Strong | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
Fagerström Scale - SLT, n (%) | |||
Very Low (0–2) | 2 (6.3) | 2 (12.5) | 0 (0) |
Low (3–4) | 5 (15.6) | 5 (31.3) | 0 (0) |
Moderate (5) | 3 (9.4) | 2 (12.5) | 1 (6.3) |
High (6–7) | 8 (25) | 2 (12.5) | 6 (37.5) |
Very high (8–10) | 10 (31.3) | 1 (6.3) | 9 (56.3) |
Quit intentions, n (%) | |||
May quit in future, but not in 6 months | 9 (28.1) | 0 (0) | 9 (56.3) |
Will quit in the next 6 months | 10 (31.3) | 4 (25) | 6 (37.5) |
Will quit in the next 30 days | 12 (37.5) | 11 (68.8) | 1 (6.3) |
Quit attempt in last 12 months, n (%) | 11 (34.4) | 8 (50) | 3 (18.8) |
Use of any tobacco cessation aids, n (%) | 2 (6.3) | 2 (12.5) | 0 (0) |
Doctors asked about SLT use, n (%) | 13 (40.6) | 3 (18.8) | 10 (62.5) |
Doctors advised to stop SLT use, n (%) | 10 (31.3) | 3 (18.8) | 7 (43.8) |
Doctors offered aids to quit, n (%) | 1 (3.1) | 1 (6.3) | 0 (0) |
Smoked 100 cigarettes in lifetime, n (%) | 1 (3.1) | 1 (6.3) | 0 (0) |
UK population – saliva cotinine concentration ng/ml | Baseline | Follow-up | |
N | 16 | 10 | |
Min | 1.0 | 0.1 | |
Max | 577.1 | 609.0 | |
Mean (SD) | 237.1 (194.62) | 174.3 (220.7) | |
Pakistan – urine cotinine level (cotinine equivalent ng/mL) | Baseline | Follow-up | |
0 (1–10) | 0 | 0 | |
1 (10–30) | 0 | 0 | |
2 (30–100) | 1 | 0 | |
3 (100–200) | 0 | 0 | |
4 (200–500) | 0 | 6 | |
5 (500–2000) | 0 | 1 | |
6 > 2000 | 15 | 6 | |
Missing | 0 | 3 | |