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Table 1 Characteristics of the KiGGS study population with regard to children aged 0 to 6 years

From: Social disparities in parental smoking and young children’s exposure to secondhand smoke at home: a time-trend analysis of repeated cross-sectional data from the German KiGGS study between 2003-2006 and 2009-2012

  

KiGGS baseline study (2003-06)

KiGGS Wave 1 (2009-12)

(n = 6680)

(n = 4455)

  

na

%b

na

%b

Age (years)

0

935

11.6

634

11.6

1

925

14.4

641

14.3

2

945

14.8

667

14.8

3

934

14.8

601

14.8

4

982

14.5

663

14.5

5

953

14.8

633

14.8

6

1006

15.1

616

15.2

Sex

Boys

3367

51.3

2290

51.3

Girls

3313

48.7

2165

48.7

Socioeconomic status (SES)

Low

1023

19.6

359

17.5

Medium

3926

58.4

2685

59.2

High

1654

22.0

1409

23.3

Missings

77

-

2

-

Domestic secondhand smoke exposure

Daily

465

8.9

52

2.4

Several times a week

155

2.8

10

0.2

Once a week

46

0.7

16

0.3

Less often

686

11.4

109

3.6

Never

5210

76.1

4266

93.4

Missings

118

-

2

-

Paternal smoking behaviour

Yes

2593

42.0

1236

34.7

No

3778

58.0

2914

65.3

Missings

309

-

305

-

Maternal smoking behaviour

Yes

1932

31.0

890

25.1

No

4661

69.0

3555

74.9

Missings

87

-

10

-

Parental smoking behaviour

Both parents smoke

1256

21.0

484

15.4

One parent smokes

1809

28.7

1019

26.4

Neither parent smokes

3273

50.2

2638

58.2

Missings

342

-

314

-

  1. aUnweighted
  2. bPercentages were calculated without missing values and weighted with regard to age, gender, region, nationality, type of municipality, and the education status of the head of the household (population structure in Germany 2009/2010)