Table 3 Longitudinal associations between determinants and working beyond ‘off time’ (N = 638) and ‘on time’ retirement (N = 416) in logistic regression analyses
Characteristics | ‘Off time’ retirement | ‘On time’ retirement | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Univariate | Multivariate | Univariate | Multivariate | ||||||
OR | 95 % CI | OR | 95 % CI | OR | 95 % CI | OR | 95 % CI | ||
Individual characteristics | |||||||||
Age | 56-64 years | 1.0 | 0.9–1.1 | 1.0 | 0.8–1.1 | 1.3** | 1.1–1.7 | 1.3** | 1.0–1.6 |
Gender | Male | 2.0** | 1.3–3.0 | 2.1** | 1.3–3.3 | 0.9 | 0.6–1.4 | 0.9 | 0.6–1.4 |
Educational level | Low | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||||||
Intermediate | 1.4 | 0.8–2.3 | 0.9 | 0.6–1.6 | |||||
High | 1.4* | 0.9–2.3 | 1.2 | 0.7–2.0 | |||||
Mastery | 1-5 | 1.1 | 0.8–1.5 | 1.5** | 1.0–2.1 | ||||
Work motives and motivation | |||||||||
Working because someone likes to work | Yes | 1.6* | 1.0–2.4 | 1.2 | 0.8–1.8 | ||||
Working because someone finds work meaningful | Yes | 1.0 | 0.6–1.6 | 1.2 | 0.7–1.8 | ||||
Working for financial reasons | Yes | 1.1 | 0.8–1.6 | 0.8 | 0.5–1.2 | ||||
Working because others expect them to do so | Yes | 1.5* | 1.0–2.2 | 0.8 | 0.5–1.3 | ||||
Work engagement | 1-7 | 1.2** | 1.0–1.4 | 1.3** | 1.1–1.5 | 1.5** | 1.2–1.8 | 1.5** | 1.2–1.9 |
Health | |||||||||
Physical health | Poor | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | |||||
Moderate | 1.2 | 0.7–2.0 | 1.2 | 0.7–2.0 | 1.1 | 0.6–1.9 | |||
Good | 2.0** | 1.2–3.4 | 2.1** | 1.2–3.8 | 2.2** | 1.2–3.8 | |||
Mental health | Poor | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||||||
Moderate | 1.2 | 0.8–1.9 | 1.8* | 1.0–3.2 | |||||
Good | 1.0 | 0.6–1.7 | 2.3** | 1.2–4.2 | |||||
Job characteristics | |||||||||
Physical demands | High | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||||||
Medium | 1.4* | 0.9–2.4 | 1.2 | 0.6–2.1 | |||||
Low | 1.4 | 0.8–2.3 | 1.0 | 0.6–1.9 | |||||
Job demands | 1-5 | 1.2 | 0.9–1.5 | 0.9 | 0.7–1.1 | ||||
Autonomy | 1-5 | 1.3* | 1.0–1.7 | 0.9 | 0.7–1.1 | ||||
Appreciation | Present | 1.3* | 0.9–2.0 | 1.5* | 1.0–2.3 | ||||
Interesting work | Present | 1.6** | 1.0–2.5 | 1.8** | 1.1–2.8 | ||||
Opportunities for learning and development | Present | 1.9* | 1.0–3.6 | 0.8 | 0.4–1.9 | ||||
Social support | 1-5 | 1.0 | 0.8–1.3 | 0.8* | 0.6–1.0 | 0.7** | 0.6–0.9 | ||
Skills and knowledge | |||||||||
Developmental proactivity | 1-5 | 1.4** | 1.0–2.0 | 1.5** | 1.1–2.1 | ||||
Financial situation | |||||||||
Financial situation of the household | Money left | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | |||||
Just adequate | 0.8 | 0.5–1.3 | 0.9 | 0.5–1.5 | 0.8 | 0.5–1.4 | 1.0 | 0.5–1.7 | |
Short of money | 2.2** | 1.2–3.9 | 2.0** | 1.0–4.0 | 1.7* | 0.9–3.0 | 2.2** | 1.1–4.4 | |
Financial possibility to stop working before age 65 | Yes | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||||
No | 1.7** | 1.1–2.8 | 1.8** | 1.1–3.2 | 0.6** | 0.4–0.9 | 0.5** | 0.3–0.8 | |
Don’t know | 1.2 | 0.6–2.4 | 1.5 | 0.8–3.1 | 0.5* | 0.2–1.3 | 0.4* | 0.1–1.1 | |
Social situation | |||||||||
Partner | No | 1.3 | 0.8–2.1 | 0.8 | 0.5–1.3 | ||||
Employment status partner | Not working | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | |||||
Working | 1.3* | 0.9–2.1 | 1.3 | 0.8–2.1 | 1.0 | 0.6–1.7 | |||
No partner | 1.6* | 0.9–2.7 | 1.9** | 1.1–3.4 | 0.9 | 0.5–1.4 | |||
Informal care | Yes | 0.8 | 0.5–1.2 | 0.9 | 0.5–1.5 | ||||
Voluntary work | Yes | 1.6** | 1.1–2.4 | 1.5** | 1.0–2.2 | 1.3* | 0.9–2.1 | ||