Table 3 Unadjusted and adjusted odds ratio (OR) of characteristics independently associated with current use of highly effective contraception among HIV-positive respondents receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) at 18 public sector clinic in Lusaka, Zambia (n = 4691)

Age (years)

 15–24

ref

ref

^b

 25–34

1.25 (0.99–1.57)

0.92 (0.63–1.35)

0.97 (0.72–1.31)

 35–49^c

0.78 (0.59–1.04)

0.57 (0.38–0.87)

ref

  > 49

0.48 (0.29–0.80)

Desire a child in the next year

 Yes

ref

ref

ref

ref

 No/Don’t know

1.60 (1.25–2.06)^*

2.28 (1.74–2.99)^*

2.20 (1.65–2.94)^*

2.89 (1.99–4.19)^*

HIV status disclosed to partner

 No/don’t know/no partner

ref

ref

ref

ref

 Yes

4.39 (3.32–5.80)^*

2.32 (1.65–3.26)^*

7.93 (2.87–21.95)^*

7.32 (2.12–25.25)^*

Partner’s HIV status

 Negative/Don’t know/No partner

ref

ref

ref

 Positive

2.36 (2.05–2.71)^*

1.44 (1.16–1.80)^*

1.81 (1.33–2.46)

Sexually active in previous 6 months

 No

ref

ref

ref

ref

 Yes

3.19 (2.72–3.74)^*

2.07 (1.62–2.65)^*

2.14 (1.45–3.17)^*

1.60 (0.95–2.70)