Table 3 Association between parental smoking during pregnancy and risk of asthma at any time among offspring

Paternal non-smoker^a

18828 (51.4)

1307 (49.5)

6.5

1

1

Paternal recent quitter^b

2362 (6.4)

124 (4.7)

5.0

0.76 (0.6-0.9)

0.004

0.35 (0.3-0.4)

<0.001

Paternal smoking

4463 (12.2)

370 (14.0)

7.7

1.19 (1.1-1.3)

0.004

2.87 (2.5-3.3)

<.0.001

Paternal non-smoker^a

1271 (3.5)

98 (3.7)

7.2

1.11 (0.9-1.4)

0.334

1.17 (0.9-1.5)

0.182

Paternal recent quitter^b

1278 (3.5)

68 (2.6)

5.1

0.77 (0.6-1.0)

0.337

0.41 (0.3-0.5)

<0.001

Paternal smoking

1966 (5.4)

176 (6.7)

8.2

1.29 (1.1-1.5)

0.002

2.81 (2.3-3.4)

<0.001

Paternal non-smoker^a

776 (2.1)

65 (2.5)

7.7

1.21 (0.9-1.6)

0.156

1.65 (1.2-2.2)

0.001

Paternal recent quitter^b

883 (2.4)

43 (1.6)

4.6

0.70 (0.5-1.0)

0.026

0.30 (0.2-0.4)

<0.001

Paternal smoking

2378 (6.5)

234 (8.9)

9.0

1.42 (1.2-1.6)

<0.001

3.74 (3.2-4.4)

<0.001

Missing data

2460 (6.7)

156 (5.9)

6.0