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Table 3 Multinomial multivariate logistic regression analyses of socio-demographic factors, HIV risk perception and risky behavior associated with male circumcision type compared to non-circumcised males

From: HIV risk perception and behavior among medically and traditionally circumcised males in South Africa

Variables

Voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC)

Traditional male circumcision (TMC)

RRR

95 % CI

p-value

RRR

95 % CI

p-value

Age group (in years)

      

 15–19

1

  

1

  

 20–24

1.20

0.76–1.90

0.421

2.24

1.54–3.27

<0.001

 25–49

1.51

0.95–2.40

0.085

3.54

2.50–5.00

<0.001

 50+

1.34

0.82–2.20

0.243

5.15

3.56–7.46

<0.001

Race

      

 Other

1

  

1

  

 Black Africans

2.23

1.41–3.52

0.001

25.44

19.41–33.35

<0.001

Locality type

      

 Urban formal

1

  

1

  

 Urban informal

0.74

0.48–1.14

0.169

1.68

1.34–2.11

<0.001

 Rural informal

0.85

0.60–1.21

0.377

1.27

1.01–1.59

0.042

 Rural formal

0.77

0.32–1.82

0.551

1.10

0.85–1.42

0.458

Province

      

 Western Cape

1

  

1

  

 Eastern Cape

2.03

1.01–4.10

0.048

2.57

1.87–3.54

<0.001

 Northern Cape

0.38

0.22–0.65

<0.001

0.10

0.07–0.16

<0.001

 Free State

0.73

0.37–1.43

0.359

0.18

0.13–0.25

<0.001

 KwaZulu-Natal

0.41

0.26–0.67

<0.001

0.05

0.03–0.07

<0.001

 North West

0.58

0.33–1.01

0.054

0.14

0.10–0.20

<0.001

 Gauteng

1.22

0.83–1.77

0.308

0.26

0.19–0.36

<0.001

 Mpumalanga

0.62

0.34–1.12

0.111

0.28

0.20–0.39

<0.001

 Limpopo

2.85

1.49–5.42

0.001

0.71

0.50–1.02

0.061

Perceived risk of HIV infection

      

 No

1

  

1

  

 Yes

1.35

0.99–1.85

0.059

1.02

0.85–1.22

0.861

No of sex partners in last 12 months

      

 One partner

1

  

1

  

 Two partners

1.02

0.71–1.48

0.896

0.79

0.61–1.03

0.088

 More than 2 partners

1.67

1.14–2.46

0.009

1.21

0.91–1.62

0.188

Alcohol use risk scorea

      

 Abstainers

1

  

1

  

 Low risk (1–7)

1.28

0.94–1.76

0.121

0.72

0.60–0.86

<0.001

 Risky/hazardous level (8–15)

1.02

0.74–1.41

0.891

0.81

0.65–1.01

0.064

 High risk/harmful (16–19)

1.29

0.68–2.42

0.434

0.94

0.62–1.43

0.768

 High risk (20+)

1.19

0.62–2.29

0.606

0.70

0.43–1.12

0.132

  1. RRR relative risk ratio equivalent to odds ratio, CI confidence intervals
  2. aRisk score based on a questionnaire for Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT)