Impact of a 3-year multi-centre community-based intervention on risk factors for chronic disease and obesity among free-living adults: the Healthy Alberta Communities study

Lytvyak, Ellina; Olstad, Dana Lee; Schopflocher, Donald P.; Plotnikoff, Ronald C.; Storey, Kate E.; Nykiforuk, Candace I. J.; Raine, Kim D.

doi:10.1186/s12889-016-3021-1

Table 2 Change in physical measures in intervention (HAC₂₀₀₆ and HAC₂₀₀₉) and comparison (CHMS_2007-09 and CHMS_2009-11) groups

From: Impact of a 3-year multi-centre community-based intervention on risk factors for chronic disease and obesity among free-living adults: the Healthy Alberta Communities study

Parameter	Age categories	Intervention^a							Comparison^b							Differential significance between changes in intervention and comparison groups p-value
		Baseline (n = 1554)			Follow-up (n = 1808)			∆	Baseline^c(n = 3725)			Follow-up^d(n = 3873)			∆
		Mean	95 % Confidence interval		Mean	95 % Confidence interval			Mean	95 % Confidence interval		Mean	95 % Confidence interval
		Mean	from	to	Mean	from	to		Mean	from	to	Mean	from	to
Mean systolic blood pressure (mm Hg)	20–39	108	107	109	106	105	107	−2**	106	104	107	105	103	107	−1	0.006
	40–59	115	114	116	112	111	113	−3***	114	112	116	113	111	116	−1	0.001
	60–79	126	124	128	123	121	125	−3*	125	124	126	124	122	125	−1	0.087
Mean diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg)	20–39	71	70	72	68	68	69	−3***	69	68	71	69	67	70	0	<0.001
	40–59	76	76	77	73	72	73	−3***	75	74	76	74	73	76	−1	<0.001
	60–79	75	74	76	71	70	73	−4***	73	72	73	72	71	73	−1	<0.001
Normal blood pressure^e (%)	18–39	90.6	88.2	92.9	93.9	92.1	95.7	3.3*	95.4	93.8	96.9	94.7	89.4	97.4	−0.7	0.029
	40–59	76.3	72.9	79.7	85.2	82.5	87.9	8.9***	82.4	78.8	85.9	82.7	77.4	86.9	0.3	<0.001
	60–79	60.3	54.5	66.1	63.9	58.6	69.2	3.6	66.7	64.2	69.1	67.1	62.9	71.0	−0.6	0.403
	18–79	79.1	77.0	81.1	84.7	83.0	86.5	5.6***	84.4	82.8	86.0	84.1	80.7	87.0	−0.3	<0.001
High-normal blood pressure^e (%)	18–39	5.2	3.4	7.0	5.2	3.5	6.8	0	3.9	2.6	5.1	n/a	…	…	…	…
	40–59	12.2	9.5	14.8	11.0	8.6	13.4	−1.2	11.3	8.7	13.9	9.3	6.8	12.6	−2.0	0.772
	60–79	16.6	12.2	21.0	19.7	15.3	24.1	3.1	15.7	12.8	18.6	17.9	14.5	21.9	2.2	0.466
	18–79	10.2	8.6	11.7	10.2	8.8	11.7	0	9.2	8.0	10.4	8.9	7.3	10.9	−0.3	0.895
Stage 1 hypertension^e (%)	18–39	3.7	2.2	5.2	0.6	0	1.1	−3.1***	n/a	…	…	n/a	…	…	…	…
	40–59	8.8	6.5	11.1	2.7	1.5	.0	−6.1***	5.3	4.0	6.6	6.5^f	3.9	10.6	1.2	<0.001
	60–79	16.7	12.3	21.2	13.9	10.1	17.8	−2.8	13.8	11.6	15.9	10.5	8.2	13.5	−3.3	0.638
	18–79	8.2	6.8	9.7	4.0	3.0	4.9	−4.2***	5.1	4.5	5.8	5.4	3.8	7.5	0.3	<0.001
Mean body weight (kg)	20–39	77.5	75.9	79.2	79.4	77.8	81.0	1.9	76.0	74.2	77.7	75.6	72.5	78.7	−0.4	0.111
	40–59	82.4	80.9	83.9	84.0	82.4	85.6	1.6	79.2	77.4	80.9	79.8	77.7	81.8	0.6	0.231
	60–79	81.9	79.7	84.1	82.9	79.7	84.1	1.0	77.5	76.4	78.6	78.0	76.0	80.1	0.5	0.585
Mean BMI(kg/m²)	20–39	26.69	26.17	27.21	26.68	26.23	27.13	−0.01	26.20	25.64	26.77	25.87	25.09	26.65	−0.33	0.848
	40–59	28.56	28.09	29.04	28.79	28.32	29.26	0.23	27.69	27.18	28.19	28.02	27.38	28.66	0.33	0.711
	60–79	29.24	28.60	29.88	29.62	29.00	30.23	0.38	28.23	27.85	28.62	28.43	27.75	29.12	0.20	0.486
Normal weight^g (%)	18–39	44.7	40.7	48.7	43.2	39.5	46.9	−1.5	48.2	42.8	53.7	49.7	43.3	56.2	1.5	0.532
	40–59	29.6	25.9	33.3	28.7	25.2	32.1	−0.9	32.7	28.0	37.4	32.2	27.2	37.6	−0.5	0.777
	60–79	20.4	15.6	25.1	20.6	16.1	25.0	0.2	27.9	22.5	33.3	25.6	19.9	32.3	−2.3	0.850
	18–79	34.0	31.5	36.4	33.1	30.9	35.4	−0.8	37.9	33.3	42.4	37.6	33.1	42.3	−0.3	0.674
Overweight^g(%)	18–39	32.3	28.5	36.1	32.0	28.5	35.4	−0.4	29.7	25.4	33.9	28.4	24.0	33.3	−1.3	0.978
	40–59	35.9	32.0	39.8	36.5	32.8	40.2	0.6	41.4	38.0	44.8	37.4	31.1	44.1	−4.0	0.573
	60–79	40.2	34.4	46.0	35.8	30.5	41.0	−4.4	41.2	37.2	45.3	38.8	34.0	43.9	−2.4	0.368
	18–79	35.3	32.8	37.7	34.5	32.2	36.8	−0.8	36.7	33.7	39.7	34.2	30.9	37.7	−2.5	0.906
Obese, class I^g (%)	18–39	11.4	8.8	13.9	13.5	11.0	16.1	2.1	11.3	9.8	12.7	11.3	8.5	14.9	0	0.286
	40–59	20.6	17.4	23.9	21.4	18.3	24.5	0.8	15.9	12.8	19.0	17.3	14.1	21.0	1.4	0.897
	60–79	26.4	21.2	31.6	27.2	22.3	32.1	0.8	21.0	16.1	25.8	23.1	20.4	26.1	2.1	0.968
	18–79	18.0	16.0	19.9	19.3	17.4	21.2	1.3	15.1	13.3	16.9	16.2	14.0	18.7	1.1	0.646
Obese, class II^g (%)	18–39	5.5	3.6	7.3	6.0	4.2	7.7	0.5	5.0	3.4	6.5	4.8^f	2.8	8.1	−0.2	0.686
	40–59	9.0	6.7	11.4	7.3	5.3	9.3	−1.7	6.3^f	4.2	8.5	8.1^f	5.2	12.5	1.8	0.189
	60–79	8.1	4.9	11.4	11.7	8.1	15.2	3.6	6.5	4.5	8.5	5.9	4.5	7.8	−0.6	0.126
	18–79	7.4	6.1	8.8	7.6	6.3	8.8	0.2	5.8	4.7	7.0	6.3	4.6	8.7	0.5	0.985
Obese, class III^g (%)	18–39	3.5	2.0	5.0	2.4	1.2	3.5	−1.1	2.8^f	1.6	4.0	2.7^f	1.5	4.6	−0.1	0.286
	40–59	4.3	2.7	6.0	5.8	4.0	7.6	1.5	3.2	2.2	4.2	4.2^f	2.8	6.1	1.0	0.427
	60–79	4.5	2.1	7.0	4.2	2.0	6.5	−0.3	3.0^f	1.9	4.1	4.6^f	2.8	7.5	1.6	0.645
	18–79	4.0	3.0	5.1	4.1	3.2	5.1	0.1	3.0	2.3	3.7	3.7	2.8	4.8	0.7	0.671
Mean waist circumference (cm)	20–39	86.6	85.2	88.0	88.4	87.3	89.6	1.8*	86.9	85.5	88.4	85.7	83.6	87.7	−1.2	<0.001
	40–59	93.7	92.4	94.9	95.6	94.4	96.9	1.9*	93.4	91.9	94.9	93.8	92.1	95.6	0.4	0.062
	60–79	97.9	96.1	99.8	99.3	97.6	101.0	1.4	97.6	96.2	98.9	97.3	95.4	99.1	−0.3	0.255
Mean hip circumference (cm)	20–39	103.6	102.6	104.6	105.0	104.1	105.9	1.4*	102.7	101.5	103.8	102.1	100.5	103.7	−0.6	0.030
	40–59	105.6	104.7	106.6	106.7	105.8	107.7	1.1	104.3	103.3	105.3	104.5	103.1	105.8	0.2	0.139
	60–79	107.2	105.9	108.6	108.0	106.8	109.3	0.8	105.1	104.3	105.9	105.1	103.8	106.4	0	0.402
Mean waist/hip ratio	20–39	0.83	0.82	0.84	0.84	0.83	0.84	0.01	0.84	0.84	0.85	0.86	0.85	0.86	0.02***	0.807
	40–59	0.88	0.88	0.89	0.89	0.89	0.90	0.01	0.89	0.89	0.90	0.91	0.90	0.92	0.02***	0.518
	60–79	0.91	0.90	0.92	0.92	0.91	0.93	0.01	0.93	0.92	0.94	0.93	0.93	0.94	0	0.206

CHMS Canadian Health Measures Survey; HAC: Healthy Alberta Communities
^aValues were adjusted for age, community of residence, smoking status, physical activity level, fruit and vegetable consumption, self-reported health, and self-reported BMI
^bTotal household population aged 18 to 79, except those meeting the CHMS exclusion criteria [78]
^cValues are from the CHMS cycle 1 data tables [30]
^dValues are from the CHMS cycle 2 data tables [11]
^eBlood pressure (BP) was classified as normal (systolic BP < 130 mmHg and/or diastolic BP < 85 mmHg), high-normal (systolic BP = 130–139 mmHg and/or diastolic BP = 85–89 mmHg), or stage 1 hypertension (systolic BP = 140–159 mmHg and/or diastolic BP = 90–99 mmHg) [32]
^fUse with caution, data with a coefficient of variation from 16.6 % to 33.3 % [11, 30]
^gBMI was calculated from measured height and weight and classified as: normal weight (18.5–24.9 kg/m²), overweight (25.0–29.9 kg/m²), obese class I (30.0–34.9 kg/m²), obese class II (35.0–39.9 kg/m²), and obese class III (≥40.0 kg/m²) [33]
^n/aToo unreliable to be published, data with a coefficient of variation >33.3 %, suppressed due to extreme sampling variability [11, 30]
*p < 0.05 between follow-up and baseline; **p < 0.01 between follow-up and baseline; ***p < 0.001 between follow-up and baseline

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