Table 1 Sample characteristics and bivariable analysis in the German Health Update (2012)
| Â | Sample characteristicsa | SHS exposurea | Â | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n (%) | |||||
n (%) | Never | Low | High | p-value* | |
(1–3 days per week) | (4+ days per week) | ||||
Sex | |||||
 Male | 6,424 (46.1) | 4,251 (66.2) | 1,126 (17.5) | 1,047 (16.3) | <0.001 |
 Female | 7,509 (53.9) | 5,880 (78.3) | 869 (11.6) | 760 (10.1) | |
Age | |||||
 18–29 years | 2,038 (14.6) | 852 (41.8) | 624 (30.6) | 562 (27.6) | <0.001 |
 30–44 years | 3,023 (21.7) | 1,991 (65.9) | 510 (16.9) | 522 (17.3) | |
 45–64 years | 4,692 (33.7) | 3,498 (74.6) | 615 (13.1) | 579 (12.3) | |
  + 65 years | 4,180 (30.0) | 3,790 (90.7) | 246 (5.9) | 144 (3.4) | |
Socioeconomic status | |||||
 Low | 2,792 (20.1) | 1,974 (70.7) | 322 (11.5) | 496 (17.8) | <0.001 |
 Middle | 8,114 (58.3) | 5,779 (71.2) | 1,225 (15.1) | 1,110 (13.7) | |
 High | 3,003 (21.6) | 2,362 (78.7) | 444 (14.8) | 197 (6.6) | |
Educational status | |||||
 Low | 2,808 (20.2) | 2,027 (72.2) | 314 (11.2) | 467 (16.6) | <0.001 |
 Middle | 7,430 (53.4) | 5,177 (69.7) | 1,166 (15.7) | 1,087 (14.6) | |
 High | 3,671 (26.4) | 2.912 (79.3) | 510 (13.9) | 249 (6.8) | |
Migrant background | |||||
 Yes | 308 (2.6) | 165 (53.6) | 60 (19.5) | 83 (26.9) | <0.001 |
 No | 11,521 (97.4) | 8,335 (72.3) | 1,717 (14.9) | 1,469 (12.8) | |
Place of residence | |||||
 Urban | 9,451 (67.8) | 6,816 (72.1) | 1,375 (14.5) | 1,260 (13.3) | 0.064 |
 Rural | 4,482 (32.2) | 3,315 (74.0) | 620 (13.8) | 547 (12.2) | |
Living together with partner | |||||
 Yes | 9,028 (65.1) | 6,955 (77.0) | 1,038 (11.5) | 1,035 (11.5) | <0.001 |
 No | 4,850 (34.9) | 3,141 (64.8) | 946 (19.5) | 763 (15.7) | |
Physical activity (hours per week) | |||||
 ≥2.5 h | 5,237 (38.2) | 3,498 (66.8) | 842 (16.1) | 897 (17.1) | <0.001 |
 <2.5 h | 8,458 (61.8) | 6,440 (76.1) | 1,131 (13.4) | 887 (10.5) | |
Risky alcohol consumption | |||||
 Yes | 3,213 (23.3) | 2,124 (66.1) | 616 (19.2) | 473 (14.7) | <0.001 |
 No | 10,606 (76.7) | 7,923 (74.7) | 1,369 (12.1) | 1,314 (12.4) | |