Table 3 The association of gender, family affluence, family completeness, urban context and parents’ educational level with eating-related parental rules and unhealthy eating habits among adolescents; odds ratios (OR), and 95 % confidence intervals (CI) between parentheses

Gender - boy

0.62 (0.51–0.76)***

ns

0.72 (0.62–0.84)***

1.60 (1,35–1.88)***

1.71 (1.43–2.05)***

ns

1.24 (1.04–1.47)*

2.20 (1.82–2.65)***

Family affluence – low

1.69 (1.14–2.51)**

1.80 (1.21–2.67)**

1.66 (1.14–2.40)**

ns

ns

ns

ns

ns

Incomplete family

1.43 (1.03–1.98)*

ns

1.39 (1.05–1.84)*

ns

ns

ns

ns

ns

Rural area

0.75 (0.61–0.92)**

ns

ns

1.30 (1.09–1.54)**

ns

1.18 (1.01–1.39)*

1.34 (1.12–1.60)**

1.22 (1.01–1.46)*

Mother education – low

1.30 (1.04–1.61)*

1.64 (1.31–2.05)***

1.25 (1.05–1.49)*

1.42 (1.17–1.73)***

ns

1.37 (1.14–1.64)**

1.67 (1.37–2.03)***

1.80 (1.46–2.21)***

Father education – low

1.33 (1.07–1.64)**

1.50 (1.27–1.78)***

1.50 (1.27–1.78)***

1.37 (1.14–1.65)**

ns

1.34 (1.12–1.60)**

1.82 (1.50–2.21)***

1.81 (1.48–2.23)***