Characteristics | Combined (n = 89) | Booklet (n = 92) | NC (n = 83) | p | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
% | mean | SD | % | mean | SD | % | mean | SD | ||
Demographics | ||||||||||
Age (years) | . | 44 | 8 | . | 43 | 7 | . | 45 | 8 | 0.52 |
Male | 79 | . | . | 66 | . | . | 76 | . | . | 0.55 |
Smoking | 30 | . | . | 28 | . | . | 31 | . | . | 0.35 |
High school diploma/vocational degree | 79 | . | . | 75 | . | . | 76 | . | . | 0.87 |
General health | ||||||||||
Duration of LBP, years | . | 12 | 9 | . | 11 | 7 | . | 14 | 9 | 0.09 |
SA days before baselinea | 9 | 12 | 14 | 19 | 0.10 | |||||
Work-related features | ||||||||||
Blue collar worker | 69 | . | . | 64 | . | . | 78 | . | . | 0.05 |
Shift worker (two or three shift work) | 41 | . | . | 37 | . | . | 40 | . | . | 0.73 |
Physical workload (1–5)b | . | 3 | 1 | . | 3 | 1 | . | 3 | 1 | 0.13 |
Mental workload (1–5)b | . | 3 | 1 | . | 3 | 1 | . | 3 | 1 | 0.51 |
Work ability (0–10)c | . | 8.1 | 1.5 | . | 8.3 | 1.5 | . | 7.8 | 1.6 | 0.07 |
Outcome variables at baseline | ||||||||||
Physical impairment (PHI); RM-18 (0–18)d,e | . | 4.2 | 4.6 | . | 2.5 | 3.2 | . | 3.9 | 3.6 | 0.34 |
Low back pain (LBP); VAS (0–100)d, mm | . | 20 | 7 | . | 20 | 7 | . | 19 | 7 | 0.52 |
Other LB specific variables | ||||||||||
Fear Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire (13–78)d | . | 29 | 10 | . | 29 | 11 | . | 31 | 11 | 0.15 |