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Table 7 Kiribati case study: demographic, nutrition and fish indicators

From: Fish, food security and health in Pacific Island countries and territories: a systematic literature review

Indicator

Result

Ref

Population

All

101,000

[95]

 

<5 years

11 000

[95]

Life expectancy at birth

Male

65 years

[106]

Female

70 years

 

Births per year

 

2000

[107]

Mortality/1000

Infant

25.6

[108]

Under 5

60

 

Household expenditure on food

46 %

[109]

Nutrition

  

Vitamin A deficiency in pre-school aged children

22 %

[98]

Nutritional status among children <5 years:

Stunting

--

 
 

Wasting

--

 
 

Underweight

14.9 %

[108]

Nutritional status among adults

overweight or obese:

Women

78.9 %

[110]

aged 15–49 years

 

Men

67.4 %

 
 

Raised blood pressure:

37.4 %

[99]

 

Raised blood glucose:

21.4 %

[100]

 

Raised blood cholesterol:

35.5 %

[101]

Energy (kcal) available per capita

 

3022

[111]

Diet composition of population:

Carbohydrate

58.6 %

[103]

 

Fat

31 %

 

Total protein

10.5 %

Infant feeding practices:

Children < 5 years are ever breastfed

83 %

[108]

Infants exclusively breastfeed to 5 months

69 %

Households consuming adequate iodised salt:

5 %

[112]

Fish and fisheries

National

Urban

Rural

Coastal

 

[27]

Annual per capita fish consumption (kg)

62.2

67.3

58

115.3

 

Subsistence fishing

63 %

46 %

79 %

-

 

Purchased

37 %

54 %

21 %

-

 

Consumption of fresh fish

92 %

91 %

93 %

95 %

 

Fish as % of total protein consumption

Total protein

28.8 %

[29]

 

Animal protein

55.9 %

Forecasts of fish required for food (tonnes)

2010

7730

[27]

 

2020

9050

 

2030

10 230

Rural households engaged in fishing activities

60 %

[113]

Dependence on fisheries for income :

Sales of fish and agricultural

Urban

26 %

[113]

 

crops for cash income:

Rural

34 %

 
 

Paid workers in the ‘agriculture

 

19.5 %

[113]

 

And fisheries’ sector

   

Official fishing contribution to GDP

0.8 %

[104]

Contribution of fish access fees to national revenue

42 %

[104]

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