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Table 6 Vanuatu case study: demographic, nutrition and fish data

From: Fish, food security and health in Pacific Island countries and territories: a systematic literature review

Indicator   Result Ref
Population All 276, 579 [94]
  <5 years 35 000 [95]
Life expectancy at birth Male 70 years [96]
  Female 73 years  
Births per year   7911 [2]
Mortality/1000 Infant 28 [96]
  Under 5 31  
Household expenditure on food 49.8 % [97]
Nutrition
Vitamin A deficiency in pre-school aged children 16 % [98]
Nutritional status among children <5 years: Stunting 28.5 % [96]
  Wasting 4.4 %
  Underweight 10.7 %
Nutritional status among adults overweight or obese: Women 49.5 % [96]
aged 15–49 years   Men 35.8 %  
  Raised blood pressure: 47.2 % [99]
  Raised blood glucose: 19 % [100]
  Raised blood cholesterol: 37.6 % [101]
Energy (kcal) available per capita 2820 [102]
Diet composition of population: Carbohydrate 60 % [103]
  Fat 31 %  
  Total protein 9 %  
Infant feeding practices: Children < 5 years are ever breastfed 94.9 % [96]
  Infants exclusively breastfeed to 5 months 72.6 %  
Households consuming adequate iodised salt: 50.7 % [96]
Fish and fisheries National Urban Rural Coastal   [27, 97]
Annual per capita fish consumption (kg) 20.3 19.3 20.6 29.9  
Subsistence fishing 51 % 17 % 60 % -   
Purchased 49 % 83 % 40 % -   
Consumption of fresh fish 60 % 38 % 65 % 72 %   
Fish as % of total protein consumption Total protein 14.9 % [102]
Animal protein 35.8 %
Forecasts of fish required for food (tonnes) 2010 8200 [27]
2020 10 700
2030 13 600
Rural households engaged in fishing activities 72 % [104]
Dependence on fisheries for income : Marine fishing activities Urban 11 % [105]
   Rural 39 %  
  Fresh water fishing activities Urban 4 %
  Rural 21 %
Official fishing contribution to GDP 0.8 % [104]
Contribution of fish access fees to national revenue 1.2 % [104]
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