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Table 13 Contribution of individual qualitative studies to descriptive themes: Health and well-being impacts of school gardening

From: A systematic review of the health and well-being impacts of school gardening: synthesis of quantitative and qualitative evidence

First author (year)

Quality

Health impacts

Well-being impacts

Food/nutrition knowledge

Attitudes towards food

Healthier eating habits

Physical activity

Enjoyment

Achievement, satisfaction, pride

Confidence, self-esteem, ownership, responsibility

Relaxation, stress release

Express/manage emotions

Building relationships, belonging

Cultural awareness, cohesion

Ahmed (2011) [40]

Moderate

 

✓

✓

✓

 

✓

    

✓

Alexander (1995) [41]

Moderate

    

✓

✓

✓

 

✓

✓

 

Anderson (2011) [42]

Weak

           

Block (2009, 2012) [24;25]

Gibbs (2013) [26]

Townsend (2014) [43]

Strong

✓

✓

✓

 

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

Bowker (2007) [44]

Moderate

  

✓

 

✓

✓

✓

  

✓

 

Chawla (2014) [11]

Strong

    

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

 

Chiumento (2012) [12]

Weak

    

✓

✓

✓

✓

 

✓

✓

Cutter-Mackenzie (2009) [45]

Moderate

  

✓

 

✓

  

✓

  

✓

Hazzard (2011) [46]

Weak

           

Henryks (2011) [47]

Moderate

✓

✓

✓

 

✓

✓

✓

  

✓

 

Lakin (2008) [48]

Weak

✓

✓

✓

 

✓

✓

✓

    

Miller (2007) [49]

Weak

✓

    

✓

✓

 

✓

✓

 

Ming Wei (2012) [13]

Moderate

  

✓

✓

✓

 

✓

✓

✓

✓

 

Passy (2010) [50]

Moderate

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

 

✓

✓

✓

Somerset (2005) [51]

Weak

✓

✓

 

✓

✓

✓

✓

 

✓

✓

 

Viola (2006) [52]

Moderate

✓

 

✓

✓

✓

 

✓

  

✓