Table 2 Selected indicators for the two studies in Burkina Faso and Nepal
Objective | Indicator | Methods and tools | Survey module |
|---|---|---|---|
Individual level of child | |||
To assess schoolchildren’s nutritional status at baseline and follow-up | Nutritional status (BMIZ, HAZ, WAZ and clinical signs of malnutrition) | Digital scale, height measuring board and clinical examination | Nutritional survey (module 1) |
To assess the prevalence of anaemia in schoolchildren at baseline and follow-up | Anaemia based on haemoglobin levels < 11.5 g/dl for children aged 7 to 11 years and < 12 g/dl for those aged 12 to 14 years | HemoCue Hb 201+ | Nutritional survey (module 1) |
To assess the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections in schoolchildren at baseline and follow-up | Presence and intensity of intestinal and urinary parasitic infections | Kato-Katz and formalin-ether concentration method for stool samples and centrifugation method for urine samples | Parasitological survey (module 2) |
To assess schoolchildren’s nutrition and health knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) at baseline and follow-up | KAP related to nutrition and health | Questionnaire survey with schoolchildren Focus group discussions with schoolchildren In-depth interviews with school directors and teachers | Children’s health KAP (module 3) |
Environmental indicators | |||
To assess drinking water quality of children’s drinking water recipients at baseline and follow-up | Presence of thermotolerant coliform bacteria and faecal streptococci | Portable DelAgua field kit and RAPID E. COLI 2 AGAR (coliform bacteria, Escherichia coli) and Bile Esculine Azide AGAR (faecal streptococci) tests | Water quality testing (module 4) |
Household level | |||
Demographic and socioeconomic data | |||
To assess basic household socio-demographic and economic characteristics at baseline and follow-up | Caregiver’s age, educational level, occupational status, assets, food security | Household questionnaire | Household questionnaire survey (module 5) |
Household nutrition and health -related knowledge, attitudes and practices data | |||
To assess caregivers’ nutrition and health knowledge, attitudes and practices at baseline and follow-up | Caregiver’s knowledge, attitudes and practices related to nutrition and health | Household questionnaire Focus group discussions with schoolchildren’s caregivers | Household questionnaire survey (module 5) Caregivers’ health knowledge, attitudes and practices (module 6) |
Socio-environmental conditions data | |||
To assess household WASH conditions at baseline and follow-up | Drinking water source and distance to it, water storage, improved/non-improved latrine, location of kitchen, available hand washing facilities and soap, presence of domestic animals | Household living condition and information related to hygiene Direct observation | Household questionnaire survey (module 5) |
Environmental indicators | |||
To assess drinking water quality at schoolchildren’s households at baseline and follow-up | Presence of thermotolerant coliform bacteria and faecal streptococci | Portable DelAgua field kit and RAPID E. COLI 2 AGAR (coliform bacteria, Escherichia coli) and Bile Esculine Azide AGAR (faecal streptococci) tests | Water quality testing (module 4) |
School and community level | |||
Socio-environmental conditions data | |||
To assess the WASH conditions at schools at baseline and follow-up | Available drinking water, available improved/non-improved toilet/latrine, available hand washing facilities and soap | In-depth interviews with school directors and teachers Direct observation | WASH survey (module 7) |
Environmental indicators | |||
To assess drinking water quality at schools and community sources at baseline and follow-up | Presence of thermotolerant coliform bacteria and faecal streptococci | Portable DelAgua field kit and RAPID E. COLI 2 AGAR (coliform bacteria, Escherichia coli) and Bile Esculine Azide AGAR (faecal streptococci) tests | Water quality testing (module 4) |