Table 1 Characteristics of included studies
Study | Regiona | Study instrumentb | N | Population (age) | F/(F + M) | Sampling method | Ethnicity | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Â | Â | Â | Â | Range | \( \overline{\mathrm{x}}\pm \mathrm{s} \) | Groupc | Â | Â | Â |
Huang He, 2013 [33] | CLDA | Q | 470 | NA | 20.09 ± 1.33 | CS | 0.504 | Randomized | Han |
Ma Xiaojing, 2013 [12] | EDA | IAQ | 1451 | NA | 45.1 ± 10.8 | A | 1 | Convenience | Mixed |
He Mei, 2011 [41] | CLDA | Q | 10,611 | 18–82 | 38.02 ± 9.57 | A | 1 | Convenience | Han |
Cui Bo, 2010 [13] | EDA | IAQ | 1160 | 15–59 | 35.66 ± 11.72 | A | 1 | Randomized | Mixed |
He Xin, 2010 [29] | NA | SAQ | 903 | 16–26 | 19.14 ± 1.01 | CS | 0.52 | Cluster | Han |
Xu Jing, 2014 [11] | CLDA | Q | 353 | 18–24 | 20.96 | CS | 0.683 | Cluster | Han |
Feng Suwen, 2010 [46] | EDA | Q | 1432 | 18–50 | 35.3 | A | 1 | Cluster | Han |
Yan Jun, 2013 [43] | WUDA | IAQ | 1681 | 30–49 | NA | A | 1 | Cluster | Han |
Long Xiange, 2011 [21] | EDA | Q | 286 | NA | 18.5 | CS | NA | Convenience | Han |
Hu Haishan, 2014 [28] | EDA | Q | 542 | 31–60 | 41.57 ± 5.77 | P | 0.685 | Cluster | Mixed |
Wu Ying, 2011 [25] | EDA | IAQ | 489 | 15–50 | NA | A | 1 | Randomized | Han |
Li Juan, 2011 [14] | EDA | IAQ | 160 | NA | 36.55 ± 9.59 | A | 0.738 | Randomized | Mixed |
Fan Baojian, 2009 [23] | EDA | Q | 962 | 19–72 | 43.38 ± 8.29 | A | 1 | Cluster | Mixed |
Xiao Wei, 2009 [45] | NA | Q | 378 | 21–74 | 36.19 | A | 1 | Convenience | Han |
Wang Xuemin, 2012 [15] | WUDA | IAQ | 2269 | 25–73 | 43.54 ± 7.67 | A | 1 | Cluster | Han |
Shao Shujuan, 2013 [17] | EDA | Q | 594 | ≤60 | 36.02 ± 10.54 | A | 1 | Randomized | Han |
Xu Wenyu, 2013 [18] | EDA | Q | 3000 | 20–30 |  | A | 1 | Convenience | Han |
Ma Dong, 2013 [40] | NA | Q | 258 | 17–24 | 19.23 ± 0.89 | CS | 0.55 | Cluster | Han |
Zhou Lixia, 2011 [42] | EDA | IAQ | 752 | 16–55 | NA | A | 1 | Randomized | Han |
Huang Yanhua, 2014 [39] | EDA | Q | 378 | 15–50 | NA | A | 0.5 | Randomized | Han |
Wang Haiqiu, 2011 [31] | CLDA | Q | 257 | 20–53 | 33.6 ± 0.5 | A | 1 | Randomized | Han |
Ma Dong, 2012 [30] | CLDA | Q | 198 | 20–54 | 31.8 ± 7.0 | A | 0.89 | Convenience | Han |
Yao Chenglian, 2012 [19] | EDA | Q | 1198 | 16–65 | NA | A | 1 | Convenience | Han |
Xamxinuer Ablimit, 2009 [26] | WUDA | Q | 245 | 23–85 | 48.8 | A | 1 | Convenience | Mixed |
Xu Lina, 2013 [22] | NA | Q | 1666 | 15–59 | NA | A | 1 | Randomized | Han |
Zhang Hui, 2014 [37] | CLDA | Q | 341 | 32–50 | 39.56 ± 3.47 | P | 0.63 | Cluster | Han |
Yu Jing, 2013 [44] | CLDA | Q | 750 | 15–59 | 35.75 ± 9.4 | A | 1 | Randomized | Han |
Guzalnur Abduxkur, 2012 [32] | WUDA | IAQ | 560 | NA | NA | A | 0 | Convenience | Mixed |
Cai Jing, 2013 [24] | WUDA | Q | 648 | NA | NA | A | 0 | Randomized | Mixed |
Li Li, 2010 [27] | WUDA | Q | 1989 | 16–59 | NA | A | 1 | Cluster | Mixed |
Ying Wen, 2014 [35] | CLDA | Q | 1878 | 17–25 | NA | CS | 0.679 | Randomized | Mixed |
Zhang Shaokai, 2013 [38] | NA | Q | 2895 | NA | 40.4 ± 4.68 | P | 0.628 | Cluster | Mixed |
Wang Shaoming, 2014 [20] | NA | Q | 3368 | NA | 19.82 ± 1.31 | CS | 0.51 | Randomized | Mixed |
Yan Hong, 2013 [16] | EDA | SAQ | 360 | 18–36 | 25.1 ± 3.5 | A | 1 | Convenience | Mixed |
Li Jing, 2009 [34] | NA | Q | 6024 | 14–59 | 34.6 ± 1.7 | A | 1 | Cluster | Han |
Zhao Fanghui, 2012 [36] | NA | Q | 11,681 | NA | 34 ± 11.8 | A | 0.705 | Randomized | Han |
Ayizuoremu · mutailipu, 2015 [64] | WUDA | Q | 1900 | 16–60 | NA | A | 1 | Cluster | Mixed |
Zeng Xiaomin, 2015 [55] | EDA | SAQ | 2004 | NA | NA | C | 1 | Cluster | Han |
Wang Ling, 2015 [49] | CLDA | Q | 125 | 18–23 | 20.5 | C | 1 | Convenience | Han |
Liu Qiong, 2015 [57] | CLDA | Q | 590 | 14–20 | 15.34 ± 1.3 | C | 0.91 | Convenience | Han |
She Qian, 2015 [59] | EDA | IAQ | 209 | 19–45 | NA | A | 1 | Randomized | Han |
Chen Ling, 2015 [50] | NA | IAQ | 300 | 21–28 | 24 ± 0.8 | C | 1 | Randomized | Han |
Cheng Lihong, 2015 [51] | EDA | Q | 1256 | 19–55 | NA | A | 1 | Convenience | Han |
Zhu Qiaoyang, 2015 [58] | EDA | Q | 362 | 18–66 | 42.2 ± 6.3 | A | 1 | Convenience | Han |
Lei Juhong, 2015 [61] | EDA | Q | 300 | 15–64 | NA | A | NA | Randomized | Han |
Zhao Bixia, 2015 [63] | CLDA | Q | 138 | 25–50 | NA | A | NA | Convenience | Han |
Xie Wenliu, 2015 [48] | CLDA | Q | 192 | 15–70 | NA | A | 0.51 | Convenience | Han |
Zhou Yanqiu, 2015 [47] | EDA | SAQ | 600 | ≥21 | NA | A | NA | Convenience | Han |
Meng Liping, 2015 [60] | EDA | SAQ | 1652 | 20–65 | 38.09 ± 8.21 | A | NA | Cluster | Han |
Zou Huachun, 2015 [53] | EDA | SAQ | 368 | NA | NA | A | 0 | Convenience | Han |
Zou Huachun, 2015 [52] | EDA | SAQ | 351 | 16–25 | NA | C | 0.524 | Cluster | Mixed |
Gu Can, 2015 [62] | CLDA | Q | 117 | 19–23 | 20.8 ± 1 | C | 1 | Convenience | Han |
Wang Wei, 2015 [56] | EDA | Q | 360 | NA | 41.77 ± 3.33 | P | 0.522 | Cluster | Mixed |
Abida Abudukadeer, 2015 [65] | WUDA | IAQ | 5000 | 20–51 | NA | A | 1 | Convenience | Mixed |
Zhang Shaokai, 2015 [54] | CLDA | Q | 2895 | NA | 40.4 ± 4.68 | P | 0.628 | Cluster | Mixed |
Pan Xiongfei, 2015 [66] | CLDA | Q | 1878 | 17–25 | 20.8 ± 1.3 | C | 0.679 | Convenience | Mixed |
Fu Chunjing, 2015 [67] | CLDA | SAQ | 605 | 18–26 | 21.6 ± 1 | C | 0.689 | Randomized | Mixed |
Hu Shangying, 2105 [68] | EDA | IAQ | 316 | 18–25 | 23.2 ± 1.7 | C | 1 | Cluster | Han |