From: Maternal profiles and social determinants of malnutrition and the MDGs: What have we learnt?
Characteristic | Nutritional status of child | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Malnourished n, % | Well-nourished n, % | Crude OR [95 % CI] | p-value | Adjusted OR [95 % CI]* | p-value | |
Mother’s marital status (N = 346) | ||||||
Single | 29 (17.6) | 11 (6.1) | 4.21 [1.91–9.79] | <0.001 | 2.70 [1.12–6.51] | 0.027 |
Separated/Divorced/widowed | 9 (5.5 | 9 (5.0) | 1.60 [0.61–4.18] | 0.340 | 0.14 [0.02–0.99] | 0.048 |
Co-habiting | 40 (24.2) | 22 (12.2) | 2.90 [1.56–5.48] | <0.001 | 2.23 [1.13–4.40] | 0.021 |
Married | 87(52.7) | 139 (76.8) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
Monthly family income (N = 371) | ||||||
≤500 Gh Cedisa | 140 (76.9) | 85 (45.0) | 4.08 [2.55–6.56] | <0.001 | 3.05 [1.75–5.31] | <0.001 |
>500 Gh Cedisa | 42 (23.1) | 104 (55.0) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
Mother's BMI category (N = 336) | ||||||
Normal Weight | 89 (55.3) | 66 (37.9) | 1.01 [0.14–6.20] | 0.989 | - | - |
Over-weight/Obese | 68 (42.2) | 105 (60.3) | 0.49 [0.07–2.98] | 0.345 | - | - |
Under-weight | 4 (2.5) | 3 (1.7) | 1.00 | |||
Mother’s BMI category (N = 347) | ||||||
Yes | 22 (13.5) | 24 (13.0) | 1.04 [0.53–2.03] | 0.901 | - | - |
No | 141 (86.5) | 160 (87.0) | 1.00 | |||
Maternal HIV status (N = 288) | ||||||
Positive | 13 (7.1) | 3 (1.6) | 5.92 [1.57–32.91] | 0.002 | 5.41 [1.29–22.77] | 0.021 |
Negative | 115 (63.2) | 157 (83.1) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
Presence of chronic illness in mother (N = 371) | ||||||
Yes | 10 (5.5) | 3 (1.6) | 3.60 [0.91–20.65] | 0.041 | 6.51 [1.27–33.47] | 0.025 |
No | 172 (94.5) | 186 (98.4) | 1.00 | 1.00 |