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Table 1 Distribution of parent and friends' drinking and covariates by cohort member drinking

From: What influences 11-year-olds to drink? Findings from the Millennium Cohort Study

 

Cohort member drinking

 

No

Yes

 

n = 9223

n = 1275

Mother's drinking

  

 None

22.9

14.5

 Light/moderate

58.9

60.8

 Heavy/binge

15.5

21.2

 Missing

2.7

3.5

Father's drinking

  

 None

8.6

5.2

 Light/moderate

36.6

34.6

 Heavy/binge

17.1

18.9

 Father absent from household

27.0

31.9

 Missing

10.8

9.4

Friends drink

  

 No

81.5

56.0

 Yes

5.5

25.7

 Don't know

13.0

18.3

Child characteristics

  

 Gender

  

  Girl

50.5

41.2

 Signs of pubertal changes

  

  Yes

34.7

36.9

 Birth order

  

  Firstborn

42.2

39.8

 Socioemotional difficulties

  

  Yes

12.5

18.3

 Anti-social behaviours

  

  0

79.9

56.9

  1

16.8

28.0

  2+

3.3

15.0

 Truancy

  

  No

96.3

93.0

  Yes

3.0

6.3

  No answer

0.7

0.7

 Cigarette smoking

  

  No

98.1

88.9

  Yes

1.7

11.0

  No answer

0.2

0.2

 Perception of harm from 1–2 drinks per day

  

  No/slight risk

10.9

20.3

  Some risk

32.4

38.9

  Great risk

56.7

40.8

 Alcohol expectancies

  

  Positive

  

   0

53.2

36.4

   1

22.6

26.2

   2+

24.1

37.4

  Negative

  

   3

62.8

43.4

   2

32.3

33.0

   0 or 1

14.9

23.6

 Happy with family

  

  Yes

89.0

83.0

Family characteristics

  

 Equivalised household income

  

  Richest

18.3

21.2

  Second

20.7

23.5

  Third

20.2

20.9

  Fourth

20.3

17.4

  Poorest

20.6

17.0

 Religious affiliation

  

  Yes

53.3

44.7

 Un-supervised time at weekend/weekday

  

  Never/rarely

30.9

23.2

  Sometimes

30.9

28.5

  Often

38.2

48.3

 Frequent battles with parents

  

  Yes

28.0

37.2

 Relationship between mother and child

  

  Very/extremely close

93.6

91.1