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Table 3 Risk of low birth weight associated with maternal urinary manganese levels, stratified by maternal age

From: Maternal urinary manganese and risk of low birth weight: a case–control study

Manganese levelsa

Age < 28 years old (n = 392)

Age ≥ 28 years old (n = 424)

P for heterogeneity

Ca/Co

ORb (95 % CI)

ORc (95 % CI)

Ca/Co

ORb (95 % CI)

ORc (95 % CI)

Tertile 1

31/98

1.80 (0.91, 3.56)

1.88 (0.74, 4.80)

23/106

0.72 (0.39, 1.34)

0.84 (0.31, 2.24)

0.19

Tertile 2

17/98

1.00

1.00

31/106

1.00

1.00

 

Tertile 3

50/98

3.14 (1.67, 5.92)

2.74 (1.07, 7.03)

52/106

1.69 (0.98, 2.90)

1.98 (0.82, 4.74)

 
  1. Abbreviations: ca/co, numbers of cases and controls; CI confidence interval; OR odds ratio
  2. a Manganese levels (μg/g creatinine): age < 28 years, tertile 1 (<0.30), tertile 2 (0.30–1.08), tertile 3 (≥1.09); age ≥ 28 years, tertile 1 (<0.28), tertile 2 (0.28–1.21), tertile 3(≥1.22)
  3. b Crude odds ratio
  4. c Adjusted for gestational age, household income, pre-pregnancy body mass index, parity, passive smoking, and gestational hypertension