Inequalities in perceived health in the Russian Federation, 1994–2012

BMC Public Health

Table 3 Descriptive statistics of self-perceived health status for 2012, 2006, 2000 and 1994

Below average (bad and very bad)self-perceived health by age group	2012 (N = 18,558)		2006 (N = 12,443)		2000 (N = 9,049)		1994 (N = 8,864)
	Male (%)	Female (%)	Male (%)	Female (%)	Male (%)	Female (%)	Male (%)	Female (%)
<30	1.70	2.01	2.39	2.84	2.79	4.36	2.60	5.53
31–44	3.40	3.80	3.98	6.59	6.49	9.12	5.82	10.77
45–60	10.06	13.46	11.79	15.41	15.34	18.42	14.53	26.90
61–74	24.45	30.69	29.74	38.75	34.22	45.98	37.41	49.30
≥75	42.17	56.08	54.05	65.36	60.40	62.64	60.61	68.06
Total (%)	8.62	14.72	9.75	17.49	12.52	20.47	12.55	23.92
Total below average (bad and very bad) self-perceived health (%)	12.15		14.18		17.05		18.93
Respondents (both genders) diagnosed chronic disease by self-perceived health (%)
Very good	0.84	4.44	2.88	12.35	0.70	1.28	0.81	2.38
Good	0.83	3.20	0.65	4.67	1.22	4.17	1.22	3.32
Average	7.38	13.97	6.27	11.84	5.74	11.60	5.85	10.73
Bad	33.04	41.30	33.86	34.87	27.32	26.74	26.03	25.75
Very bad	58.95	59.39	45.21	44.72	35.06	46.86	38.96	40.18
Total	6.97	14.95	6.91	14.44	6.89	13.76	7.02	13.63
Total respondents with diagnosed chronic disease (%)	11.59		11.22		10.81		10.73
Below average (bad and very bad)self-perceived health by geography of residence (%)
Urban	8.85	14.17	9.75	16.56	12.82	19.47	12.11	22.82
Rural	8.13	16.78	13.20	19.53	11.96	22.35	13.49	26.60
Total (%)
Urban	11.94		16.56		16.63		18.15
Rural	12.92		19.53		17.84		20.78
Below average (bad and very bad)self-perceived health by income quintile (%)
Poorest	9.98		14.61		19.28		22.34
Second-poorest	12.89		19		18.77		22.59
Middle	14.58		14.79		11.78		18.69
Second-richest	15.08		12.75		12.45		15.11
Richest	9.28		9.92		10.13		9.85
χ² (chi-squared)	0.000		0.000		0.000		0.000

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