Inequalities in perceived health in the Russian Federation, 1994–2012

BMC Public Health

Table 2 Descriptive statistics of demography and socioeconomic characteristics for 2012, 2006, 2000, and 1994

	2012 (N = 18,558)		2006 (N = 12,443)		2000 (N = 9,049)		1994 (N = 8,864)
Age group	Male (%)	Female (%)	Male (%)	Female (%)	Male (%)	Female (%)	Male (%)	Female (%)
<30	13.59	15.31	15.48	16.71	15.05	16.99	13.47	14.68
31–44	11.26	13.46	10.70	12.43	11.40	13.08	13.19	14.77
45–60	10.56	14.65	10.70	14.66	9.15	12.06	10.1	12.92
61–74	4.89	9.45	4.40	8.71	6.27	10.86	6.0	9.7
≥75	1.79	5.05	1.49	4.71	1.12	4.02	1.12	4.06
Total (%)	42.08	57.92	42.78	57.22	42.99	57.01	43.87	56.13
Household size (mean)	4.26**		4.35^		4.04^^		3.41*
Working status (employed %)	56.16		54.25		49.52		54.66
Adult equivalent household mean income (roubles) per month^a
Male (head)	7,690.00		5,290.00		2,730.00		4,280.00
Female (head)	7,360.00		4,990.00		2,510.00		4,080.00
Asset-holding (%)
All durable assets^b but no car or tractor	88.23		65.19		77.74		68.19
All durable assets with car and/or tractor	11.42		30.92		19.31		29.28
Positive wealth group^c (%)	89.87		86.64		90.71		92.73
Living standard (access to all publicly provided services) %	95.25		91.69		86.81		83.36
Geography of residence (%)
Urban	68.06		68.79		65.12		70.23
Rural	31.94		31.21		34.88		29.77

*std. deviation = 1.52; **std. deviation = 2.48; ^std. deviation = 2.49; ^^std. deviation = 2.09
^aIndividual income is a flawed metric of individual command over commodities, given that there is some degree of income pooling within households [38]
^bPossession of a television, washing machine, and similar items; also known as white goods
^cRespondents who own real estate with or without agricultural produce and with or without savings made in the last 30 days

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